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The companions of Imam Hussain (AS) sacrificed themselves one by one.

Imam Hussain (AS) said his companions in the middle of the night before the 10th of Muharram: “And after this; verily, I have never known companions more loyal and better than my companions. I have never found household members more excellent in observation of bonds of relationship than my Household (the Ahl al-Bayt). Allah will reward you graciously on my behalf. Beware! I strongly predict that the day of our confrontation with them will be tomorrow. Beware! I have given you permission to leave. You are all free to go. I do not and will not reproach anyone of you for doing so. This is a night whose darkness has covered you like a mounted camel. Therefore, take advantage of it and make your escapes.” 

The Honor of Companionship and Martyrdom in the Husseini Renaissance

Introduction Companionship, with its terms and conditions, is a badge of honor that a person carries with pride throughout life. It is a specific blessing for the generation that lived with the Prophet Muhammad (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), especially when combined with the honor of martyrdom under a just imam like Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). This dual honor elevates the companion's status significantly, exemplified by those who were martyred during Imam Hussein's renaissance. This research focuses on those who attained this distinguished rank.

Division of the Research

The research is divided into three main sections:

  1. The Concept of Companionship and Companions

  2. The Positions of the Companions Regarding Imam Hussein's Renaissance and Their Evaluation

  3. Biographies of the Prophet's Companions Martyred in the Husseini Renaissance

The First Axis: The Concept of Companionship and Companions:

The concept of companionship has various uses and meanings in language. Ibn Manzur states: “His companion is accompanied by companionship, with ḍammah, and companionship, with fatḥah, and companion with him: tenth. Sahab: plural of companion, such as rider and rider. Companions: a group of companions, such as chicks and chicks. And the companion: the cohabitant; It does not go beyond the transitivity of the verb, I mean that you do not say: Zaid is the companion of Omar; Because they only used it as names...” [1].

Al-Tarihi adds: “The companion of a thing is the one who is attached to it, and likewise the companionship of the thing is the one that is attached to it, be it a person, an animal, a place, or a time...” [2].

Companionship, in its root form, appears in many Qur'anic verses, covering a broad spectrum of relationships, such as between a prophet and a righteous servant, two unbelievers, a believer and an unbeliever, or even a prophet and an infidel. From these uses, two main meanings emerge:

  • A Broad Meaning: Encompassing all the diverse uses of companionship.

  • A Narrower Meaning: Indicating the virtue and honor of companionship, which unbelievers do not attain even if they saw the Prophet and heard his hadith. This honor is reserved for those who believed, followed his Sunnah, and remained steadfast in faith.

Accordingly, a true companion is one who saw the Prophet, believed in him, followed his Sunnah, and remained steadfast in faith until death.

The Second Axis: The Positions of the Companions Regarding Imam Hussein's Renaissance and Their Evaluation:

The Prophet Muhammad (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) mourned the impending martyrdom of his grandson, Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), half a century before it occurred. He urged his companions and the nation to support Imam Hussein. Several hadiths emphasize this, such as:

  • Hadith Reported by Al-Hakim: Abdullah bin Masoud recounts that the Prophet spoke of the trials his family would face after him and urged support for them [10].

  • Hadith Reported by Al-Tabarani: Abu Umamah narrates that Gabriel informed the Prophet about Imam Hussein's martyrdom, and the Prophet shared this with his companions [13].

  • Hadith Reported by Al-Tabarani on the Authority of Muadh bin Jabal: The Prophet expressed his grief over Hussein’s future martyrdom and urged support for him [14].

These hadiths serve as both good news for supporters of Hussein and warnings for those who neglect him. Despite these warnings, the companions' responses to Hussein's call varied:

  • Supporters: A few, such as Anas bin Al-Harith, who recalled the Prophet’s prophecy and joined Hussein [17].

  • Hostile and Disappointed: Those who opposed or betrayed him.

  • Neutral Observers: The majority, including prominent figures like Abdullah bin Omar, Abdullah bin Al-Zubayr, and Al-Baraa bin Azib.

The Third Axis: Biographies of the Companions Martyred in the Husseini Renaissance:

Biographies of Companions Martyred Before the Battle of Karbala

  • Hani bin Urwa: Hani recognized the Prophet and accompanied Imam Ali in his battles. He was one of the notables of Kufa and was martyred for his unwavering support for Imam Hussein and Muslim bin Aqeel. Hani was imprisoned and brutally executed by Ubayd Allah bin Ziyad, showcasing his steadfastness in faith and loyalty [26].

  • Abdullah bin Yaqtar Al-Himyari: A brave and steadfast companion, Abdullah delivered messages for Imam Hussein. He was arrested, tortured, and executed by Ubayd Allah bin Ziyad for his allegiance to Hussein, reflecting his dedication and courage [46].

  • Ubaid Allah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal: Ubaid Allah was a prominent figure in Kufa who supported Muslim bin Aqeel. He was captured and executed by Ibn Ziyad for his role in rallying support for Imam Hussein [46].

These biographies highlight the companions' dedication and sacrifices, emphasizing the honor and virtue associated with true companionship in the face of adversity.

References

  1. Ibn Manzur, Muhammad bin Makram, Lisan al-Arab, vol. 7, p. 286.

  2. Al-Tarihi, Fakhr Al-Din, Al-Bahrain Complex, Part 2, p. 584.

  3. Al-Kahf: verse 76.

  4. The moon: verse 29.

  5. Al-Kahf: Verse 37.

  6. Al-A’raf: verse 184.

  7. The Elephant: Verse 1.

  8. Al Imran: verse 144.

  9. Al-Bukhari, Muhammad bin Ismail, Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 4, p. 110.

  10. Al-Hakim Al-Naysaburi, Muhammad bin Abdullah, Al-Mustadrak on the Two Sahihs, vol. 4, p. 464.

  11. Al-Qazwini, Muhammad bin Yazid, Sunan Ibn Majah, vol. 2, p. 1366.

  12. Al-Tabarani, Suleiman bin Ahmad, Al-Mu’jam Al-Kabir, vol. 10, p. 85.

  13. Previous source: Part 8, p. 285.

  14. Al-Tabarani, Suleiman bin Ahmad, Al-Mu’jam Al-Kabir, vol. 20, p. 138.

  15. Al-Mufid, Muhammad bin Muhammad, Al-Irshad, vol. 1, p. 331.

  16. Al-Dinuri, Ahmed bin Daoud, Al-Akhbar Al-Tawwal, p. 262.

  17. Al-Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar, Al-Isaba fi Tamayyis al-Sahaba, vol. 1, p. 271.

  18. Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Muwaffaq bin Ahmad, The Killing of Al-Hussein, vol. 1, p. 233.

  19. Al-Samawi, Muhammad bin Tahir, Ibsar al-Ain fi Ansar al-Hussein, p. 221.

  20. Previous source: p. 157.

  21. Previous source: p. 133.

  22. Previous source: Part 4, p. 52, footnote.

  23. Ibn al-Atheer, Ali bin Abi al-Karam, Lion of the Jungle, vol. 5, p. 439.

  24. Leader of the Tawabin movement.

  25. Al-Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar, Al-Isaba fi Tamayyis al-Sahaba, vol. 6, p. 234.

  26. Previous source: Part 6, p. 445.

  27. Previous source: Part 2, p. 351.

  28. Shams al-Din, Muhammad Mahdi, Ansar al-Hussein, p. 125.

  29. Al-Mahallati, Zabihullah, Knights of Al-Hayja’ in the biographies of the companions of Sayyid Al-Shuhada, vol. 2, p. 180.

  30. Previous source: Part 2, p. 180.

  31. Ibn Hajar mentioned him under serial number 6439, saying: “Urwa bin Nimran bin Amr bin Faas bin Abd Yaghouth bin Mahdash bin Asr bin Ghani bin Malik bin Awf bin Munabbih bin Ghataif Al-Muradi, then Al-Ghatafi, he had knowledge, and his son Hani bin Urwa was one of the leaders The people of Kufa. See: Al-Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar, Al-Isaba fi Tamayyis al-Sahaba, vol. 5, p. 96.

  32. Previous source: Part 2, p. 180.

  33. He crushed it with pebbles, meaning: he threw it with it.

  34. Al-Mahallati, Zabihullah, Knights of Al-Hayja’ in the biographies of the companions of Sayyid Al-Shuhada, vol. 2, p. 182.

  35. From the proverbs of the Arabs, Al-Harb bin Jablah Al-Ghassani said it when he conquered the tiller, and it is irrigated with the neglected haa, thus: She brought you a barren with his legs running, and the barbarian is the one who perishes.

  36. This refers to the intercession of Ziyad, Ubayd Allah’s father, with Muawiyah for Urwa, Hani’s father, when he was taken with Hajr bin Adi.

  37. Al-Masoudi, Ali bin Al-Hussein, Murooj Al-Dhahab, vol. 3, p. 69.

  38. Previous source: Part 3, p. 69.

  39. Al-Muqrim, Abd al-Razzaq, The Killing of Hussein, p. 178.

  40. Al-Isfahani, Abu Al-Faraj, The Taliban Fighter, p. 71.

  41. Al-Baraqi, Hussein bin Ahmed, History of Kufa, p. 331.

  42. Al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Al-Isaba fi Tamayyis al-Sahaba, vol. 6, p. 445.

  43. Bahr Al-Ulum, Mahdi, Al-Fawa’id Al-Rijaliyah, vol. 4, p. 64.

  44. Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Muwaffaq bin Ahmad, The Killing of Al-Hussein, vol. 1, p. 293.

  45. Al-Baraqi, Hussein bin Ahmed, History of Kufa, p. 322.

  46. Al-Baraqi, Hussein bin Ahmed, History of Kufa, p. 333.

  47. Previous source.

  48. Al-Shahrudi, Ali Al-Namazi, Mustadrakat Ilm Rijal Al-Hadith, vol. 4, p. 508.

The Martyrdom of the Companions in the Battle of Al-Taff

Introduction In the first part, the talk was about the biographies of the companions who were martyred before the Al-Taff incident, and the talk remains about those who were martyred during the incident.

1. Anas bin Al-Harith Al-Kahili

Anas bin Al-Harith Al-Kahili was a companion and the son of a companion. Ibn al-Atheer mentioned him in "Usd al-Ghabah" [1], and Ibn Hajar in "Al-Isaba" [2]. Al-Tusi counted him among the companions of the Prophet Muhammad (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and stated that he was killed with Hussein (peace be upon him) [3].

Anas bin Al-Harith was a notable companion who saw the Prophet, heard his hadith, and narrated on his authority. He had a high social standing among his people in Kufa. He narrated the hadith of Karbala, stating: “I heard the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) saying: This son of mine—meaning Al-Hussein (peace be upon him)—will be killed in a land called Karbala, so whoever of you witnesses that, let him support him.” Anas fought valiantly in Karbala, killing eighteen men before being martyred [4].

2. Habib bin Mazahir Al-Asadi

Abu Al-Qasim Habib bin Mazahir was a distinguished companion and a notable follower of Ali (peace be upon him). He was born to Mazhar bin Ri’ab and belonged to the Asad tribe. Habib was a companion of the Prophet and participated in the battles of Jamal, Siffin, and Nahrawan with Ali (peace be upon him) [5].

In Karbala, Habib was entrusted with the left wing of Al-Hussein’s army. He demonstrated exceptional courage, fighting fiercely until he was martyred. Habib's head was severed and taken to Kufa, where his son later sought to avenge his death [6].

3. Abd al-Rahman bin Abd Rab al-Ansari al-Khazraji

Abd al-Rahman bin Abd Rab was a prominent figure in Kufa and a loyal companion of Ali (peace be upon him). He lived in Kufa during Ali’s time and remained attached to the Imam, learning the Qur'an and religious teachings from him [7].

He was one of those who pledged allegiance to Al-Hussein in Kufa and was martyred in Karbala. Abd al-Rahman is remembered for his deep piety and dedication to God, refusing any form of frivolity even in serious moments [8].

4. Ammar Al-Dalani

Ammar bin Abi Salama was a loyal companion of Ali (peace be upon him) and participated in the battles of Jamal, Siffin, and Nahrawan. He was one of Ali’s trusted followers and an esteemed figure in the community [9].

In Karbala, Ammar fought bravely until he was martyred. His dedication and valor in battle are well-remembered, and his participation in the Al-Taff incident underscores his commitment to Ali and Al-Hussein (peace be upon them) [10].

5. Muslim bin Awsaja

Muslim bin Awsaja was a respected companion who saw the Prophet Muhammad (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). He was an elderly and prominent figure in Kufa, known for his bravery and piety [11].

Muslim was among the first to pledge allegiance to Al-Hussein and played a significant role in supporting him. He was martyred during the initial stages of the battle in Karbala, demonstrating immense courage and loyalty [12].

6. Yahya bin Hani bin Urwa

Yahya bin Hani was the son of the martyr Hani bin Urwa and a notable figure in Kufa. He joined Al-Hussein in Karbala and fought bravely until he was martyred. His participation in the Al-Taff incident reflects his loyalty and dedication to the cause of Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) [13].

These biographies highlight the dedication, courage, and faith of the companions who were martyred in the Al-Taff incident, emphasizing their roles in supporting Al-Hussein and their sacrifices for the Islamic cause.

References

  1. Ibn al-Atheer, "Usd al-Ghabah fi Ma’rifat al-Sahaba", Vol. 1, p. 132.

  2. Al-Asqalani, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar, "Al-Isaba fi Tamayyis al-Sahaba", Vol. 1, p. 270.

  3. Al-Tusi, Muhammad bin Al-Hasan, "Rijal Al-Tusi", p. 21.

  4. Shams al-Din, Muhammad Mahdi, "Ansar al-Hussein, peace be upon him", p. 83.

  5. Al-Mahallati, Zabihullah, "Knights of Al-Hayja’ in the biographies of the companions of Sayyid Al-Shuhada", Vol. 1, p. 59.

  6. Al-Muqrim, Abd al-Razzaq, "The Killing of Hussein, peace be upon him", p. 305.

  7. Al-Samawi, Muhammad, "Ibsar Al-Ain fi Ansar Al-Hussein, peace be upon him", p. 74.

  8. Al-Saduq, Muhammad bin Ali, "Al-Amali", p. 225.

  9. Al-Hilli, Al-Hasan bin Ali bin Daoud, "Kitab Al-Rijal", p. 70.

  10. Al-Khoei, Abu Al-Qasim, "Dictionary of Rijal Al-Hadith", Vol. 5, p. 201.

  11. Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, "History of Al-Tabari", Vol. 4, p. 264.

  12. Al-Mahallati, Zabihullah, "Knights of Al-Hayja’ in the biographies of the companions of Sayyid Al-Shuhada", Vol. 1, p. 124.

  13. Al-Muqrim, Abd al-Razzaq, "The Killing of Hussein, peace be upon him", p. 229.

  14. Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, "History of Al-Tabari", Vol. 4, p. 318.

  15. Ibn A’tham, Ahmad, "Al-Futuh", Vol. 5, p. 106.

  16. Al-Mufid, Muhammad bin Muhammad, "Al-Irshad fi Knowing God’s Proofs upon His Servants", Vol. 2, p. 104.

  17. Al-Shahrudi, Ali Al-Namazi, "Mustadrakat Ilm Rijal Al-Hadith", Vol. 8, p. 239.

  18. Bahr Al-Ulum, Muhammad Mahdi, "Al-Fawa’id Al-Rijaliyah", Vol. 4, p. 52.

  19. Al-Tustari, Muhammad Taqi, "Dictionary of Men", Vol. 11, p. 84.

The Heroic Martyrs of Al-Taf

Embodying Honesty, Courage, and Loyalty
Honesty, courage, nobility, chivalry, and loyalty are traits shared in the songs that emanated from the mouths of the heroic martyrs of Al-Taf and confirmed their great loyalty and the intensity of their adherence to the cause of their master, Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). The bright journey of loyalty, where the pure ideological features were embodied in the words of those poets, with the sincerity of the stances taken by those heroes, the likes of whom time has not and will not produce in defending religion and belief. You will find the voice of each one of them reflecting the love and loyalty inside them for Hussein, to the point that it is as if those hearts were devoid of every love except the love of Al-Hussein. They were truly as Imam Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) described them: "I do not know of more worthy or better companions than my companions, nor any household more righteous and more connected than my household, so may God reward you all on my behalf with goodness."

The Supreme Sacrifice
What situation is greater and more wonderful than those situations whose heroes underestimated life and sacrificed their lives for the sake of belief and principle? What greater situation is there when one of them offers his son or brother, or a mother offers her son to die for the sake of God? Yes, they are the ones who rose to the highest levels of faith and certainty and won martyrdom and the company of the righteous. The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) compared their status to that of the martyrs of Badr when he passed through Karbala on his way to Siffin and said: "Martyrs will be killed in this place, no other martyrs like them except the martyrs of Badr" (1) and "they will enter Paradise without judgment" (2). The great companion Salman al-Farsi (may God be pleased with him) wished to be one of them, as he stated: "By the One in whose hand is Salman’s soul, if I had reached his days, I would have struck before him with a sword or cut off limb from limb before him, causing him to fall dead before him. For the one killed with him will be given the reward of seventy martyrs, all of them like the martyrs of Badr, Uhud, Hunayn, and Khaybar" (3). It was narrated on the authority of Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) that he said: "The Commander of the Faithful passed by Karbala and cried until his eyes filled with tears and said: This is the climate of their passengers, this is where their saddlebags lie, this is where their blood is shed. Blessed are you who have soil on which the blood of loved ones is shed. An atmosphere of tranquility, and the homes of martyrs who were not preceded by those before them, nor could those who came after them follow them" (4).

Immortal Words and Heroic Deeds
These great sayings, in the height of their status, were called upon by their great stance and the intensity of their contributions and their steadfastness in defending Islam and its people in word and deed. Their battles embodied the most wonderful images of epics, chivalry, nobility, and loyalty. They are the clear indicators of the extent of their steadfastness, cohesion, and steadfastness in the harshest and most challenging circumstances. These songs deserve a long study and should be drawn up on gilded plaques to personalize these immortal words, as their authors called them, in the highest levels of immortality. Let us listen to some of those eternal, heroic songs (hymns):

Zuhayr ibn al-Qayn
Zuhayr ibn al-Qayn comes out and places his hand on Hussein’s shoulder as he asks him for permission to fight, saying: "I advance. You have been guided, a guide, a Mahdi. Today your grandfather met the Prophet, Hassan, and Al-Murtada Ali. And the one with wings, the young man, and the lion of God, the living martyr."

It is the highest level of certainty. He was completely certain that Al-Hussein represents Islam in all its meanings and concepts, and that he will be with those he mentioned in his arrogance who became victorious. The magnificence was in the response of Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) in his confirmation of Zuhair’s certainty, so he said to him: "And I will throw them in your wake." During his heroic campaigns against the Umayyad army, he said: "I am Zuhair and I am Ibn Al-Qayn. I will harm you with the sword on the authority of Hussein."

Al-Hajjaj bin Masrooq Al-Jaafi
Al-Hajjaj bin Masrooq Al-Jaafi confirmed this truth while he was covered in blood from his many wounds, addressing Hussein: "I sacrifice myself for you as a guide and guide. Today your grandfather gave birth to the Prophet, then your father, the one with the dew, Ali. The one whom we know as the guardian."

Nafi’ bin Hilal Al-Jamali
This truth that their souls were certain of was declared by everyone who advanced to fight, and everyone who wanted to leave bid farewell to Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) by saying: "Peace be upon you, O son of the Messenger of God." Al-Hussein answered him, "Peace be upon you, and I am following you." Then he recited the Almighty’s saying: "And among them are those who have died, and among them are those who wait, and they have not changed anything." Then Nafi’ bin Hilal Al-Jamali comes out and is shaking: "I am the Yemeni boy, Al-Jamali. My religion follows the religion of Hussein, and I must be killed. Today, this is my hope."

Suwayd bin Amr bin Abi Al-Mutta’
And he said, like what Suwayd bin Amr bin Abi Al-Mutta’ said: "Hussein came forward today to receive praise, and your holy sheikh, Ali, who is dewy and beautiful as the full moon, and fulfilled the happiest. And your uncle, the wandering and wise man, Hamza, may God be called a lion. And the one with wings, spends a seat in Paradise of Firdaus rises upwards."

Abdullah and Abdul Rahman, Sons of Urwa Al-Ghafari
One of the most wonderful hammocks of that day is the argoza of the two martyred brothers, Abdullah and Abdul Rahman, sons of Urwa Al-Ghafari. When they saw the sunburst carrying what remained of Al-Hussein’s companions and the large number of those with him, until they almost reached Al-Hussein, they competed in battle and martyrdom in the hands of Al-Hussein, and they were among the nobles of Kufa. They were brave and loyal to the people of the House, so they stood together and greeted Al-Hussein, then they shook with verses, one of them trembling in part and the other continuing it: "I have truly learned that Banu Ghaffar and Khandaf are after Banu Nizar. Let us strike the people of the ungodly with every sharp and sharp club. O my people, defend the Banu al-Ahrar. In Al-Musharrafi and Al-Qana Al-Khattar."

The Family of Junada bin Ka’b
We find in the family of the martyr Junada bin Ka’b something beyond description. This family was filled with a firm faith that could not be shaken by speeches or grievances. Junada was martyred at the hands of Hussein in the first campaign, so his wife came to her eleven-year-old son and dressed him in war clothes. She presented him in the hands of Al-Hussein (peace be upon him), but he did not give him permission and said: "This is a boy whose father was killed in the first campaign, and perhaps his mother would hate to fight him" and he brought him back. But that great mother refused except to present her son as a martyr in the hands of Al-Hussein, so she returned him to Al-Hussein, and he said to him: "Sir, my mother commanded me." So Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) gave him permission and rewarded them well. Then the boy went out to battle saying: "My prince is Hussein and what a good prince. Surur Fouad Al-Bashir Al-Nazir. Ali and Fatima are his parents. Do you know of anyone like him who has a countenance like the morning sun, who has bangs like Badr Munir."

The Unwavering Love for Hussein
Love for Hussein has captured the hearts of this entire family. Consider what this boy says when he describes Hussein. He is describing the dearest person on the face of the earth to him. If his mother had not sent him to Hussein, he would have gone to fight without anyone’s request, even though his age does not allow him to participate in a battle. This boy was killed, so his mother took a pole from the tent and attacked the Umayyad army, saying: "I am old and weak, empty, worn out, and thin. I will strike you with a violent blow, excluding the honorable sons of Fatima."

Al-Hussein returned her to the camp and rewarded her with good. Karbala witnessed Persia’s epics, the celebration of his history with jihad for the sake of God, to complete in Karbala the final scene of his life with martyrdom. Persia inhaled the perfume of prophecy at Badr and Hunayn, so he stood defending Islam, and he inhaled that perfume in Al-Hussein, so he stood defending the family of Muhammad. Persia heard the Prophet saying, with Al-Hussein in his lap: "This son of mine will be killed in a land called Karbala. Whoever witnesses him, let him support him." So he stood and recalled the hadith of the Prophet, adding to his determination and faith in his stance. He was the great companion Anas bin Al-Harith Al-Kahili who emerged with his turban tied around his waist and his eyebrows raised with a bandana as he asked Hussein’s permission to fight. When he looked at him, Al-Hussein in this form cried and said: "Thank God for your effort, Sheikh." Then he emerged and said: "I have taught Malik and Al-Dudan and the Khandafis and Qais Aylan that my people are the scourge of peers with the raiders and the masters of the knights. Immediate death by stabbing is imminent. We do not see the inability to stab. The family of Ali are Shiites of the Most Merciful. The family of Ziyad are Shiites of Satan."

Amr bin Khalid Al-Azdi
Amr bin Khalid Al-Azdi rejoiced on that day as he longed to meet his Lord and eternity in Paradise with the righteous, so he emerged to fight and said: "Today, O soul, to the Most Merciful. You will go with the spirit and with basil. Today you will be rewarded for goodness. In the past, there was something from you that was written on the tablet before the Judge. Today that has passed with forgiveness. Do not be alarmed, for every living thing is mortal. And patience will grant you wishes."

After him, his son Khalid bin Amr Al-Azdi emerged, congratulating his father on the martyrdom: "Be patient with death, Banu Qahtan, so that may you be in the pleasure of the Most Gracious, the One who has glory, glory, and proof. O Father, you have arrived in Paradise, in the palace of a beautiful building."

The Continuing Legacy of Heroic Songs
The enthusiastic songs sung by the heroes of kindness continued, stemming from absolute loyalty and pure adherence, and that solid will emanated in them. In patience and persistence, one of Al-Taf’s heroes, Saad bin Hanzalah Al-Shabami, came out and said: "Be patient with swords and sharp teeth. Be patient with them to enter Paradise. O soul, for rest, so strive for it. And for seekers of goodness, so reject it."

Abd al-Rahman al-Yazani
The martyr Abd al-Rahman al-Yazani said: "I am the son of Abdullah from the family of Yazan. My religion follows the religion of Hussein and Hassan. I beat you like a boy from Yemen. I hope that I will win with the trustworthy."

Listen to this epic song from the martyr Amr bin Abi Al-Mutta’ Al-Ja’fi: "I am the son of Ja’fi and my father is Muta’. And in my right hand is a delicate, sharp-skinned man with shiny teeth. He sees He has from his light the ray of today. The battle has been good for us. Without Hussein, the beating and struggle. We hope for that victory and defense. From the heat of fire when there is no benefit."

The Ultimate Sacrifice
We find in the martyr Abdullah bin Omair Al-Kalbi and his wife the utmost that a human being can offer in sacrifice for the sake of religion. Let us listen. Their story on that day is a wonderful chapter of Ashura, where they fulfilled the duty of martyrdom with all the great meaning of this word. Two people emerged from the Umayyad army for a duel, and Abdullah bin Umair jumped up to fight them, killed them, and returned to Al-Hussein, shaking: "If you deny me, then I am Ibn Al-Kalbi. Sufficient for me is my house in knowledge. Sufficient for me is that I am a man of temper and nerve, and I do not bellow when I am in distress. I am your leader, Umm Wahab, by attacking them in advance and beating a boy who believes in the Lord."

He returned to fighting, but his wife was not satisfied with the fact that her husband was fighting alone. Rather, she wanted to participate in this fight with him in the hands of Hussein, so she took a pole and approached him. He saw her and tried to push her back, but she did not obey him and refused to return, saying: "I will not leave you without dying with you!!!" God is great. What is this love that shines from these pure souls? What is this deep, pure faith contained in those pure hearts? Umm Wahb did not return except when Hussein asked her to return, saying: "You have rewarded the people of the family with goodness. Return, may God have mercy on you, to the tent, for women are not required to fight." Her husband Abdullah was killed in battle while she was looking at him. She walked to his death and sat by his head, wiping the blood and dirt off him, and said: "Congratulations to you in Paradise. I ask God, who granted you Paradise, to accompany me with you." The soldiers of the Umayyad army were spread out on the battlefield, and her husband’s death was still imminent. Here, the woman waved to Al-Shamr as she uttered those words, and he said to Abdo Rustam: "Hit her head with a pillar," and it happened so that the pure soul flew on the wings of angels.

John: The Pure Servant
Then comes the role of John, a graduate of the Abu Dharr Al-Ghafari School, from whom he was inspired by the most wonderful meanings of love for the people of the household. John, that servant with a pure, bright and living conscience, stood up to give those sitting in the epicenter of Umayyad humiliation and submission lessons of true freedom. John emerged as he trembled: "How do you see the infidels beating the lions? With the sword, I will smite the children of Muhammad. I will defend them with the tongue and the hand. With him, I hope for Paradise on the Day of Resurrection."

Al-Hurr: The Repentant Knight
Al-Hurr emerged, that repentant knight who did not expect them to dare to fight the son of the Messenger of God, and who asked Al-Hussein to be the first to be martyred before him. He emerged and said: "It is me. The heat and the shelter of the guest. I strike your necks with the sword. For the best of those who live in the land of fear. I strike you and I do not see any shame."

Umair bin Abdullah Al-Madhaji
It is the shame of a man who is desperate to fight while defending a firm and flawless belief, and similar to him is the shame of Umair bin Abdullah Al-Madhaji: "I learned Saad’s revelation. Madhaj. I am in the presence of the radiant, an embarrassed lion. I raise my sword with the point of the tamed. And I leave the horn when I am limping, the prey of the lowly, lame hyena."

Muslim bin Awsaja
Muslim bin Awsaja shudders: "If you ask about me, I am a man of long hair. From the branch of Qurm, from the descendants of the sons of Asad. So whoever follows me is deviated from the right path. And an infidel with a fat, tyrannical religion."

Amr ibn Qarza al-Ansari
Amr ibn Qarza al-Ansari shudders as he ransoms Hussein with his attack and everything he owns: "I have learned from the Ansar battalion. I will protect the Dhamar estate. Beating up a boy who is not defeated by a bad person. Hussein has left my home and my home."

Wahb ibn Hubab al-Kalbi
Wahb ibn Hubab al-Kalbi, that hero, was handed over to Hussein (peace be upon him) so that he could obtain, through his conversion to Islam, the highest honor in Islam, which is martyrdom in the hands of Al-Hussein. He appeared on the day of Ashura and said: "If you deny me, then I am Ibn Al-Kalbi. You will see me and you will see my beatings and my campaign and my arrival in the war. I realize my revenge after the revolt of my companions. And I will push back anguish in front of anguish. My jihad is not in the desire to play."

Anis bin Maqil
Anis bin Maqil stood out and burst into tears with these passionate verses: "I am Anis and I am bin Maqil. And in my right hand is the blade of a polished sword with which I raise the arrows in the middle of the canal. On the authority of Al-Hussein Al-Majid Al-Mufaddal, son of the Messenger of God, the best messenger."

The Martyrs of Al-Taf
We conclude with these wonderful pictures of Al-Taf’s martyrs engraving their names in the record of eternity with the arjoza of the leader of the Ansar and their standard-bearer, the hero Habib bin Mazahir Al-Asadi, whose killing threatened Al-Hussein and was greatly relieved and said: "In the sight of God, I count myself and the protectors of my companions." Habib appeared and said: "I am Habib and my father is Muzahir. Fares Haija and a war is raging. You are outnumbered and more. We are more loyal and patient than you. We are the highest in argument and more clear in truth and more pious than you and purer."

They were the elite, they were the best that cannot be repeated. We do not find a greater description, a more precise meaning, and a deeper expression to describe them that is more eloquent than the words of Hussein (peace be upon him) about them, saying: "By God, I tested them, and I did not find among them anyone who was comforted by death rather than a child being comforted by his mother’s claws."

References:

  1. Al-Tabarani, Al-Mu’jam Al-Kabir

  2. Nasr bin Muzahim, The Battle of Siffin, p. 140

  3. The Killing of Al-Khwarizmi, vol. 2, p. 171, Al-Tarihi in Muntakhab Al-Tarihi, Part 1, p. 87

  4. Ibid

The Supporters of Imam Hussein: A Beacon of Loyalty and Valor

It is often said that when a writer delves into a topic and exhausts all its aspects, any subsequent attempt may merely reiterate previous material due to the lack of new sources. However, the incident of Atf, particularly the steadfastness and valor of the supporters of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), remains an ever-flowing spring of inspiration. These supporters were the epitome of humanity and the leaders of Muslims. Some were companions of the Prophet, others were followers, and many held high social status, being leaders, knights, and scholars. Among those who joined Imam Hussein from Kufa were:

Barir bin Khudair Al-Hamdani Al-Musharrafi Barir was a revered Tabi’i sheikh, known as the Master of Reciters, who held great honor and prestige among the Hamdanids. As soon as he learned about Imam Hussein's movement, he left Kufa for Mecca to join him. He fought valiantly and was martyred alongside Imam Hussein (1). Barir was known for his poignant poetry, such as:

"I am Barir and Abu Khudair, there is no good among those who are not good."

 

Abbas bin Abi Shabib Al-Shakri Abbas, a member of the loyal Shakir tribe, was sent by Muslim bin Aqeel to inform Imam Hussein of the Kufans' allegiance. He remained with Imam Hussein until the battle of Karbala, where he fought courageously and was martyred (2).

 

Qais bin Musahar Al-Saidawi Qais carried messages from Kufa to Imam Hussein in Mecca, inviting him to come to Kufa. Upon his return, he was captured by Ibn Ziyad and martyred for his unwavering support of Imam Hussein (3) (4).

 

Al-Hajjaj bin Masruq Al-Jaafi Al-Mazhaji A companion of Imam Ali, Al-Hajjaj joined Imam Hussein from Kufa to Mecca and served as his muezzin. He fought bravely at Karbala and was martyred, reciting:

"I present Hussein, the guide, the Mahdi. Today you will meet your grandfather, the Prophet" (5) (6).

 

Yazid bin Mughaffal Al-Jaafi Yazid, a companion of the Prophet Muhammad, fought in the Battle of Al-Qadisiyah and alongside Imam Ali at Siffin. On the day of Ashura, he fought with unwavering resolve and was martyred, reciting:

"I am Yazid, and I am not the son of a fool, and in my right hand is a polished sword blade" (7).

These valiant souls and their unwavering loyalty to Imam Hussein stand as eternal symbols of sacrifice and steadfastness in the face of tyranny. Their legacy continues to inspire those who seek justice and uphold the principles of truth and righteousness.

References:

  1. Radi al-Din Abu al-Qasim Ali ibn Musa ibn Jaafar ibn Tawus, Iqbal al-A’mal, (Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1390 AH), vol. 3, p. 344.

  2. Lut bin Yahya bin Saad bin Muslim Al-Azdi Al-Ghamdi "Abu Mikhnaf", The Killing of Hussein, edited by: Mirza Hassan Al-Ghafari, (Qom: Scientific Press, 1398 AH), p. 154.

  3. Muhammad ibn al-Fattal al-Naysaburi, Rawdat al-Wa’izin, (Qom, Publications of al-Sharif al-Radi), p. 172.

  4. Abu Jaafar Rashid al-Din Muhammad bin Ali al-Mazandani, "Ibn Shahr Ashub," Al-Manaqib Al Abi Talib, (Qom: Alama Publications Foundation), vol. 3, p. 345.

  5. Izz al-Din Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Abi al-Karam al-Shaibani, "Ibn al-Atheer," al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, edited by: Khalil Mamoun Shiha, (Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifa, 2000 AD), vol. 3, p. 504.

  6. Abu Jaafar Rashid al-Din Muhammad bin Ali al-Mazandani, "Ibn Shahr Ashub," the previous source, vol. 3, p. 252.

  7. Lot bin Yahya bin Saad bin Muslim Al-Azdi Al-Ghamdi "Abu Mikhnaf", the previous source, p. 158.

Imam Hussein’s Loyal Companions and Their Exemplary Sacrifice

Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) carried out his great revolution with a small group of companions who stood by him until the end, defending him with valor and courage until each one fell, drenched in the blood of martyrdom. These heroes represented the pinnacle of human perfection and embodied the highest values. They believed in Hussein, organized under his banner, and followed his principles. They did not fight for power or spoils but for reform, enjoining good, and forbidding evil.

Despite their small number, they confronted the oppressive army, armed with sincere faith in God and love for the family of His Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). These loyal companions became symbols of giving and redemption, with Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) acknowledging their unmatched faith and loyalty, saying, "I have not seen companions better than my companions."

Among these loyal companions was Habib bin Mazahir al-Asadi (may God be pleased with him), the banner-bearer of the Ansar, their leader, and role model. His life was marked by firm faith in God, deep love for the People of the House (peace be upon them), and devotion to sacrifice. He concluded his honorable life with martyrdom in the hands of Imam Hussein.

Habib grew up in a house where heroism, courage, generosity, and loyalty were inherited qualities. These traits earned him the trust and confidence of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). His lineage, Habib bin Mazahir bin Ri'ab bin Al-Ashtar, was a source of pride, producing heroes and nobles like Faqa’as and Ma’bad bin Nadlah bin Al-Ashtar Al-Faqa’si [1].

Habib and his family had the honor of companionship with the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and loyalty to his family. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani mentioned Habib’s notable background and his martyrdom with Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) along with his cousin Rabi’ah bin Khout bin Ri’ab [2].

Habib had two brothers who were also martyred with Al-Hussein, Yazid and Ali Ibn Mazhar. The great scholar Sheikh Abdul Wahid Al-Muzaffar and Sheikh Muhammad Mahdi Al-Hairi confirmed their presence in Karbala, highlighting the loyalty and sacrifice of Habib and his family [3][4].

Habib’s virtues were rarely matched by others. His loyalty, insight, forbearance, generosity, and courage were exemplary. He was trusted by the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), who imparted to him special knowledge, including the knowledge of the unseen [5].

One of the first letters urging Imam Hussein to come to Kufa was from Habib, expressing pure loyalty and belief. Habib’s dedication was evident when he arrived in Karbala before the battle, trying to strengthen Hussein’s camp by bringing supporters from Banu Asad [6].

Al-Khwarizmi and Al-Majlisi narrated that Habib tried to rally Banu Asad to support Hussein, but they were thwarted by Omar bin Saad’s forces [7][8]. Despite this, Habib’s attempt showed his deep concern for Imam Hussein’s life and the cause.

Habib fought bravely in the battle of Karbala, epitomizing loyalty and sacrifice. He killed sixty-two men before being struck down by a man from Bani Tamim. His death greatly saddened Imam Hussein, who counted him among the protectors of his companions.

Habib’s martyrdom and his family’s unwavering support for Hussein highlight their dedication to truth and justice. Their legacy remains a powerful testament to their faith and sacrifice.

The Heroic Stand and Martyrdom of Habib bin Mazahir al-Asadi​

He prayed with tears in his eyes as he embraced the arrival of the heavenly caravan. It is the luminous caravan of love. He wiped the wrinkles of time from his features, and then a dawn shone with the light of blood on his forehead. He heard the rustle of his awaiting flag. The rivers approached him, and the streams quenched his thirst. But he believed in Kawthar’s love.

He is among the vanguard of those heroes who fought the overwhelming army of transgression, despite their small number, armed with their sincere faith in God and their love and loyalty to the family of His Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). They generously offered their blood for the sake of truth and upholding the word of God, becoming symbols of giving and redemption in every time and place.

Habib bin Mazahir al-Asadi, the sheikh who spent his life fighting alongside the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and standing with the front of truth, embodied the firmness of his faith in God and his deep love for the People of the House (peace be upon them). His dedication to the spirit of jihad, sacrifice, and combating falsehood was unwavering, despite his old age. Seventy years of joining Hussein with his faithful and loyal companions, he was the standard-bearer of the Ansar, their leader, and their role model in Karbala until he concluded his journey with the most honorable of deeds, martyrdom in the path of God.

Habib grew up in a house where heroism, courage, generosity, loyalty, and other virtuous qualities were inherited. These qualities earned him the trust and confidence of his Imam Hussein (peace be upon him). His house was full of illustrious names, carrying rare qualities. Habib bin Mazahir bin Ri'ab bin Al-Ashtar bin Hajwan bin Faqa'as bin Tarif bin Amr bin Qa'in bin Tha'labah bin Dudan bin Asad bin Khuzaymah had the right to be proud of his tribe, from which heroes and nobles emerged.

Habib and his family had the greatest honor in their companionship with the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and their loyalty to his family. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani mentioned in Al-Isaba in the third section of those who have knowledge (vol. 1, p. 373): "Habib overtook the Prophet, lived, and was killed with Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) with his uncle's son, Rabia bin Khout bin Riab. This Rabia is a veteran poet who attended the day of Dhi Qar and then went to Kufa." Al-Samawi mentioned in his book (Ibsar al-Ain) (p. 65): "Habib was a companion who saw the Prophet."

Habib went down to Kufa and accompanied the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). He was one of his elite and pure followers, accompanying him in peace and war. He was one of the most prominent heroes of the wars of the Camel and Siffin, and his heroism was evident in these battles. Habib continued his loyalty to the People of the House. After the martyrdom of the Commander of the Faithful, he accompanied Imam Hassan, remaining steadfast when others abandoned him. After the martyrdom of Al-Hasan, he accompanied Al-Hussein.

One of the first letters that reached Al-Hussein from the people of Kufa urging him to come to pledge allegiance to him and support him was from Habib. It stemmed from pure loyalty and sincere belief. When Muslim bin Aqeel came to Kufa as an envoy from Al-Hussein and settled in the house of Al-Mukhtar Ibn Abi Ubaid al-Thaqafi, the loyalists began to gather around him. Habib and his cousin Muslim bin Awsaja took charge of taking the pledge of allegiance to Hussein in Kufa. When Ubaid Allah bin Ziyad entered Kufa, the people abandoned Muslim bin Aqeel, and Habib and Muslim hid their clan members. When Hussein returned to Karbala, they went to him in disguise, walking by night and hiding during the day until they arrived.

Abu Mikhnaf mentioned that Habib had two brothers who were martyred with Al-Hussein on the day of Al-Taf, in addition to Habib. The scholar and investigator Sheikh Abdul Wahid Al-Muzaffar reinforced this statement in his book (The Assadi Hero). According to a reliable narration, the number of martyrs with Al-Hussein was one hundred and forty-five men.

Habib and his cousin Muslim bin Awsaja arrived in Karbala days before the Battle of Al-Taf, meeting with Al-Hussein. Seeing the lack of supporters, Habib offered to strengthen Al-Hussein's camp by bringing his people from the Banu Asad. Habib admonished everyone he knew and those he didn't, trying to persuade them to join the camp of Hussein.

Al-Tabari mentioned in his history (vol. 3, p. 311) that when Omar bin Saad sent Qurra bin Qais Al-Hanzali to Al-Hussein, Habib recognized him and said to him: "Woe to you, Qarrah, where will you return to the unjust people? May God support you with dignity and us with you."

Habib had speeches between the two ranks, admonishing the army of Ibn Saad. Among his words were: "O people, indeed, by God, how miserable a people is in the sight of God. Tomorrow is a people who come forward against God and have killed the descendants of His Prophet, his family, and his household."

Habib's life concluded with martyrdom, the greatest act of homage, in the hands of Imam Hussein. When Hussein gave him permission to fight, he fought desperately, hoping to defend Hussein. Habib bin Mazahir al-Asadi was killed, and his pure soul was taken to its creator. His killing greatly saddened Al-Hussein, who said: "In the sight of God, I count myself and the protectors of my companions."

Habib's story does not end with his martyrdom. The members of the Umayyad army displayed a brutal spirit. Al-Tabari and other historians mentioned that Al-Tamimi and Al-Husayn disputed over Habib’s head, hoping for a prize. They quarreled over disgrace and Hell in the Hereafter. When they returned to Kufa, Al-Tamimi took Habib’s head and hung it on his horse. Al-Qasim bin Habib bin Mazahir saw him and asked for his father's head to bury it, but Al-Tamimi refused.

The image of Al-Tamimi and Habib’s head remained in Al-Qasim’s mind. When the time came for retribution, Al-Qasim killed Al-Tamimi. This outcome befell all members of the Umayyad army after their crime in Karbala, a part of divine punishment on earth, with even more torment in the afterlife.

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