Fatima Zahra (pbuh)
It became certain that God created the light of Fatima (peace be upon her) out of the greatness of His light. He hung her light on the leg of the throne on a day when there was no built sky and no praiseworthy earth. To the extent that God Almighty answered the prayer of Adam (peace be upon him) when he called on God for the lights hanging on the leg of the throne, and this indicates the closeness of the status of the Companions of Lights to God Almighty and His love for them, and that they are holy spirits obedient to Him, commanding His commands and forbidding His prohibitions. Otherwise, how can supplications be answered by virtue of them, placing them in this status and divine proximity, and creating them in this form and manner? They are complete in God’s love, sincere in God’s monotheism, and demonstrate God’s commands and prohibitions...and His proof and path, light and proof.
The Sanctity and Character of Fatima (peace be upon her)
Fatima (peace be upon her) was sanctified from her childhood, and even as a fetus in her mother’s womb, she would converse with her mother, entertain her, and was spoken to by angels. Indeed, God Almighty sent down an angel to turn the mill when she was weak. The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, said that she slept with her son Al-Hussein (peace be upon him) on her chest, indicating her sanctity.
Prophetic Hadith on the Creation of Fatima
In a prophetic hadith narrated by Jaber bin Abdullah Al-Ansari, he said:
"I heard the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, saying: 'Indeed, God (Almighty and Majestic) created me and created Ali, Fatima, Al-Hassan, and Al-Hussein from light. He squeezed that light with a squeeze, and our Shiites came out of it, so we glorified, and they glorified. We sanctified, and they sanctified, and we glorified, and they glorified, and we unified, and they unified. Then He created the heavens and the earth and created the angels. The angels remained for a hundred years, not knowing praise or sanctification, so we glorified, and our Shiites glorified, so the angels glorified. For we are the monotheists, as there is no monotheist other than us.'"
Fatima (peace be upon her) is unique among women, possessing grace and sanctity in the sight of God (Almighty), being the mistress of the women of the worlds. Her relationship with God was profound, to the point that her legs would swell from standing in worship. The Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, expressed his love for her by saying, "May her father be sacrificed for her" three times.
When the Prophet returned from a trip, he would visit Fatima (peace be upon her) and spend significant time with her. Once, she made a mask, necklace, earrings, and a curtain for her house. The Prophet entered and left, showing anger until he sat on the pulpit. Realizing it was due to her actions, she sent the items to him for the sake of God. He responded, "She did well. May her father be ransomed for her" three times.
Role Model in the Personality of Fatima
When Islam came with beliefs, concepts, and legislation through the Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad, it emphasized good human behavior, distinguishing between permissible and forbidden acts. The Prophet Muhammad’s interest in embodying these rules and concepts contributed to building human personalities that reflected the perfections God intended. These personalities moved towards perfection, imbued with the morals of the prophets.
Fatima (peace be upon her) represented the complete model of women in this behavioral aspect, becoming the best and mistress of women, including Maryam bint Imran, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, and Asiya bint Muzahim, the wife of Pharaoh. The Messenger of God said:
"The best of her women is Maryam and the best of her women is Fatima bint Muhammad."
When a human personality integrates these qualities, it represents God’s successor on earth, implementing the teachings of heaven and divine laws. In her scientific knowledge, Fatima was a scholar, teaching some of the Prophet's companions. Ibn Abbas reported that the Messenger of God said: "God revealed (The place where the two seas meet) saying: 'I, by God, sent the two seas: Ali bin Abi Talib, the sea of knowledge, and Fatima, the sea of prophecy, to meet and communicate. I, by God, created the connection between them.'"
Worship and Knowledge of Fatima
Fatima’s knowledge was from God, the owner of absolute knowledge. Her knowledge was abundant, and the Qur’an of Fatima, Al-Jafr, and Al-Jami’ah attest to that. Abu Ubaidah narrated that Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: "Fatima stayed after the Messenger of God for seventy-five days, and Gabriel used to come to her and console her with her father, telling her about her father and his place, and what would happen among her offspring. Ali (peace be upon him) would write this down, and this is Fatima’s Qur’an."
In her worship, Fatima would pray at night until dawn, praying first for the believing men and women before praying for herself. Al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon them) reported that she would remain kneeling and prostrating until dawn, praying for others.
The Prophet Muhammad said: "Fatima is the mistress of the women of the worlds, from the first to the last. She will stand in her prayer niche, and seventy thousand angels from those close to her will greet her, calling upon her as the angels called Mary, saying, 'O Fatima, God has chosen you, purified you, and chosen you over the women of the worlds.'"
Conclusion
Fatima (peace be upon her) exemplifies the ideal of womanhood in Islam, embodying purity, knowledge, and devotion. Her life and character serve as a model for believers, reflecting the highest virtues and divine favor. Her profound relationship with God, her role as a scholar, and her exemplary worship highlight her unique status and the deep respect she commands in Islamic tradition.
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Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her), the pioneer of Quranic pilgrimage
As time passes, Lady Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) remains a shining star, whose splendor never fades. She is like a good word firmly rooted in the earth with branches reaching the sky, bearing fruit in every season by her Lord's permission. Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) was not born to die, be preserved in wax museums, or to be merely a theory. Her life and teachings continue to inspire believers in their words, behavior, emotions, and consciences, drawing them towards her as naturally as a child to its mother.
This enduring attraction is because her essence is like the fragrance of Paradise, embodying the unknown truth, the hidden secret, and the embodiment of her father's mother. This enduring legacy has made Lady Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) the subject of countless books, research papers, and thoughts by intellectuals. The Holy Qur’an itself paved the way for this reverence by praising her in its verses, and her famous sermon, known as the Fadki sermon, highlights the influence of the Holy Qur’an on her life.
The Role of Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) in Islamic History
Fatima Al-Zahra’s (peace be upon her) influence extended from Mecca to Medina, defending the Imam of her time, Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), until her martyrdom. Her suffering from a broken rib, miscarried fetus, and the injustice she faced resonated through her powerful words in the Fadki sermon. This sermon, grounded in the Qur’an and the Prophet's noble Sunnah, demonstrated her rhetorical skill in employing the Qur’an to argue and convince.
Employing the Holy Qur’an in Her Sermon
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) masterfully employed verses from the Holy Qur’an to strengthen her arguments. Her sermon included direct references to Qur’anic verses, using them to prove her points or refute her opponents. For example, she cited:
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Surah At-Tawbah (9:128): "There has come to you a messenger from among yourselves. What you have suffered for him is dear to him, concerned for you towards the believers, compassionate and merciful." This verse highlighted her father’s deep concern and compassion for the believers.
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Surah Al-Imran (3:85): "And whoever desires a religion other than Islam, it will never be accepted from him, and in the Hereafter he will be among the losers." This verse warned against abandoning the Qur’anic judgment and the dire consequences of such actions.
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Surah An-Nisa (4:11): "Allah commands you regarding your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females..." She used this verse to refute claims about inheritance that contradicted the Qur’an, thus invalidating the fabricated hadiths against the Prophet.
The Sermon as a Model of Rhetorical Excellence
Fatima Al-Zahra’s (peace be upon her) sermon demonstrated her rhetorical ability, using the Qur’an as her primary source to validate her arguments. Her eloquence, mastery of language, and literary culture were evident as she delivered a sermon that remains a topic of study and admiration among scholars and historians.
Her sermon was improvised, organized, and coordinated, filled with Qur’anic verses and free from confusion or fallacy. This speech reflects her unique personality and high position, serving as an eternal miracle of Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her).
Conclusion
The impact of Fatima Al-Zahra’s (peace be upon her) sermon endures to this day, resonating deeply with her followers and admirers. Her use of the Qur’an in her speech reflects a profound understanding of religious transparency and eloquence, making her a beacon of truth and a role model for all.
Her life and words continue to inspire and guide, illustrating the profound connection between her teachings and the divine message of the Qur’an. This legacy underscores the importance of her role in Islamic history and her continued influence on the hearts and minds of believers.
Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) in the arms of prophecy and imamate
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is a distinguished figure in Islamic history, revered for her unique characteristics and her close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family). Here are some of the key aspects that highlight her exalted status and the deep significance of her life and legacy.
Distinctive Characteristics of Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (Peace Be Upon Her)
Her Status with God
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) holds a unique position in Islam. She is often referred to as "Al-Kawthar," a reference to the chapter in the Qur'an (Surah Al-Kawthar) which states:
"Indeed, We have given you, [O Muhammad], al-Kawthar. So pray to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone]. Indeed, your enemy is the one cut off" (Qur'an 108:1-3).
This chapter underscores her significance, as Al-Kawthar is often interpreted as the abundance of blessings bestowed upon the Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima.
Her Marriage to Imam Ali
The marriage of Lady Fatima to Imam Ali (peace be upon them) was divinely ordained. According to a narration by Jaber bin Abdullah Al-Ansari, the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) said that God had married Fatima to Ali in the celestial realm. The Prophet (may God bless him and his family) emphasized this divine union:
"I did not marry Fatima, but God Almighty married her to Ali on the night of ascension."
This divine connection is further highlighted by the Prophet’s statement:
"If God had not created Ali bin Abi Talib, there would not have been a worthy creation for Fatima."
Link Between Prophethood and Imamate
Lady Fatima (peace be upon her) serves as a crucial link between prophethood and imamate. She is the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family), the wife of the first Imam, Imam Ali, and the mother of the remaining Imams in the line of succession. This unique role underscores her importance in the continuation of divine guidance.
Her Role and Suffering
Lady Fatima (peace be upon her) lived a life of devotion and immense suffering. She witnessed the loss of her father, the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family), and faced numerous injustices, including the usurpation of her rights and the tragic events that led to her early death. Her suffering is a testament to her strength and her deep connection to the trials faced by the Ahlul Bayt.
Imam Ali’s Eulogy
Imam Ali (peace be upon him) expressed his profound grief and sorrow at her passing with a poignant eulogy:
"Peace be upon you, O Messenger of God, on my behalf and on your daughter who is staying next to you and hastening to catch up with you! Say, O Messenger of God, about your sincere patience and tenderness for her, except that in comforting me with your great division and your terrible calamity is a place of honor, for I have covered you in the land of your grave, and I have poured out my throat and my chest is your soul, for we belong to Allah and to Him we shall return. I have recovered the deposit, and I have taken the hostage! As for my grief, it is eternal, and as for my night, it is calm, until God chooses for me your home in which you will reside, and your daughter will inform you of the unity of your nation to digest it. So the question made her uncomfortable, and this situation did not take long The covenant, and the remembrance was not neglected from you, and peace be upon you both, a farewell greeting, neither he said nor was he tired. If he departs, it is not out of boredom, and if he stays, it is not out of bad suspicion of what God has promised to the patient."
Conclusion
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) exemplifies the highest virtues and qualities in Islam. Her life, marked by divine favor and immense trials, serves as an inspiration for Muslims. Her unique position as the daughter of the Prophet, the wife of Imam Ali, and the mother of the Imams highlights her critical role in the continuity of Islamic leadership and guidance. Her legacy of strength, patience, and devotion continues to resonate through generations, underscoring the profound respect and love she commands within the Muslim community.
The face of greatness in the character of Fatima Al-Zahra, “peace be upon her,” in the poetry of the poet Muhammad Iqbal as an example
The Noble Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) presented Fatima al-Zahra to the Islamic community as a paragon of perfection, saying: "Many men are perfect, but only four women are perfect: Fatima bint Muhammad, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Asiya, the wife of Pharaoh, and Maryam, daughter of Imran." This statement underscores the exceptional qualities and virtues that Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) embodies, making her a model of perfection in Islamic tradition.
The Aspects of Perfection in Fatima al-Zahra’s Personality
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is revered not only for her spiritual and moral excellence but also for her significant role within the family and society. Her perfection is seen in multiple dimensions, such as her devotion to God, her exemplary conduct as a daughter, wife, and mother, and her unwavering commitment to social justice.
Independence and Equality
From an Islamic perspective, women are recognized as independent individuals with their own identities and responsibilities. This independence is reflected in the life of Fatima al-Zahra, who carried out her duties with utmost dedication and sincerity. Women, like men, bear equal responsibilities in the movement and progress of society, although the roles may differ.
Role Model of Piety and Asceticism
Poet Muhammad Iqbal highlights Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) as a role model, emphasizing her psychological and mental abilities and her life worthy of emulation. Iqbal paints a picture of Fatima inspired by her profound influence in her Islamic environment, portraying her as a source of guidance and inspiration for mothers and a beacon of virtue in the community.
Iqbal writes, "The biography of children is only that of mothers, for when they reach sophistication, it resonates. She is a role model for mothers and a role model whose footsteps are traced by the bright moon." This illustrates her exemplary role in nurturing and guiding the next generation, embodying the highest ideals of motherhood and family life.
Service to the Community
Fatima al-Zahra’s commitment to her community, despite her own modest living conditions, is another aspect of her perfection. She exemplified selflessness and dedication to helping others, even when it meant sacrificing her own comfort. Iqbal reflects this in his poetry, describing how she mortgaged her veil to help the needy, embodying true Islamic principles of charity and empathy.
Iqbal eloquently expresses her devotion:
"When the needy complained behind her shelter, she lived up to that denial in her complaint. She tried to save him by mortgaging her veil, O Sahab, where can we compare you to its usefulness?"
Asceticism and Worship
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is also depicted as a pious, ascetic worshiper who embraced a simple, subsistence life. This aspect of her personality is deeply rooted in the teachings of her father, the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family), and her husband, Imam Ali (peace be upon him), who both led lives of modesty and devotion.
Iqbal further praises her spiritual devotion:
"The light of the fire, sanctified by its majesty, and the stars are destined to receive its light. She made beautiful patience her nourishment, and saw the honorable husband’s satisfaction as her own. Her mouth repeats, 'What is your Lord,' while her hand turns its mill on the barley. Her pillow was wet with tears from her long fear and piety. Gabriel towards the throne raises her tears like dew, quenching the heavens, his Lord."
Mother of Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein
Finally, Fatima al-Zahra’s role as the mother of Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein (peace be upon them), the masters of the youth of Paradise, highlights her significant position in the lineage of Islamic leadership. Her upbringing and guidance of her sons contributed immensely to the continuation of the prophetic mission and the preservation of Islamic values.
Conclusion
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is celebrated in Islamic tradition for her multifaceted perfection. Her life serves as a beacon of piety, selflessness, and strength. She is a model for all Muslims, embodying the virtues of devotion to God, compassion for others, and resilience in the face of adversity. The Prophet Muhammad’s recognition of her perfection underscores her unparalleled status and the timeless inspiration she provides.
Is the Tablet of Lady Fatima Al-Zahra considered another Qur’an?!
The claim that the Shiites have another Qur’an and the discussion about the Tablet of Fatima (peace be upon her) often stems from misunderstandings or misrepresentations of Shiite beliefs and texts. Here's a detailed response to clarify these points:
Clarifying the Shiite Belief Regarding the Qur'an
One Qur'an for All Muslims
The Shiites believe in the same Qur'an that is accepted by all Muslims worldwide. The Qur'an that is read, memorized, and recited by Shiites is identical to the Qur'an of Sunni Muslims. There is no alternative or additional Qur'an in Shiite belief. This has been consistently affirmed by Shiite scholars throughout history.
The Tablet of Fatima (Peace Be Upon Her)
Not Another Qur'an
The Tablet of Fatima is not considered another Qur'an. It is a separate entity entirely and does not replace or supplement the Qur'an in any way. No Shiite scholar or believer considers it as such.
Historical Context of the Tablet
The Tablet of Fatima is mentioned in various hadiths and is considered a significant and sacred item given by God to Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) and subsequently passed to his daughter, Fatima (peace be upon her). It contains names and prophecies concerning the lineage of Fatima, including the names of the Imams from her progeny.
The Content of the Tablet
The Tablet of Fatima includes a message from God, as recorded in the hadith literature. The text, as cited, emphasizes the oneness of God, His justice, and His attributes. It serves as a means of comfort and assurance to Fatima (peace be upon her) regarding her descendants.
Example Text from the Tablet
The content often quoted includes:
"This is a book from God, the Mighty, the Wise, to Muhammad, His Prophet, His Light, and His Ambassador. The Faithful Spirit has sent it down from the Lord of the Worlds... Magnify, O Muhammad, My names, and be grateful for My blessings, and do not deny My blessings. Indeed, I am God, there is no god but Me, the Severer of the tyrants, the remover of the oppressed, and the Judge of religion. Indeed, I am God, there is no god but Me, so whoever hopes for other than My virtue, or fears something other than My justice, I will punish him with a punishment that I would not punish anyone else in the world..."
Addressing Misunderstandings
The Source of the Confusion
Some opponents of Shiite Islam may cite texts like the Tablet of Fatima to suggest that Shiites believe in an alternative Qur'an. However, this is a misunderstanding. The Tablet is a distinct and supplementary item within Shiite tradition and does not interfere with or alter the Qur'an.
Authenticity of the Hadith
The hadith mentioning the Tablet of Fatima is well-documented in Shiite sources, such as "Al-Kafi" by Al-Kulayni and "Al-Wafi" by Al-Fayd Al-Kashani. These sources are respected within Shiite scholarship, and the hadith is considered authentic and reliable.
Conclusion
The existence of the Tablet of Fatima does not imply a belief in another Qur'an. It is a separate, sacred item that holds historical and spiritual significance within Shiite tradition. The Shiite community firmly believes in the same Qur'an as all Muslims, and any claims to the contrary are based on misunderstandings or misrepresentations.
Imam Mahdi and the Fatima Zahra: A Spiritual Connection
Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) represents a continuation of the virtues and spiritual essence of Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her). His goals, approach, and behavior mirror those of al-Zahra, making him an embodiment of her principles and values. Al-Zahra finds joy and solace in the mention of her son al-Mahdi, as he is seen as the avenger of Imam Hussein's (peace be upon him) blood and the bearer of the message that keeps the legacy of the prophets alive.
The Lineage of Imam Mahdi
The lineage of Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) is a significant aspect that connects him to al-Zahra (peace be upon her). It is mentioned in various narrations that the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) said, "The Mahdi is from my family from the descendants of Fatima." Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) also relayed that the Prophet told Fatima, "Rejoice, Fatima, for the Mahdi is from you." The famous Hadith of the Tablet also states that from the descendants of Ali and Fatima, eleven Mahdis will arise, with the last one being the savior.
Imam Mahdi in the Words of Al-Zahra
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) has spoken about Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) in a manner that underscores his importance and role. Mahmoud bin Al-Walid narrates that Fatima often visited the graves of the martyrs and cried, expressing her grief over the loss of her father, the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family). She affirmed the Prophet's designation of Ali as the Imam and his successors, including the ninth Qaim from the descendants of Hussein.
The Hadith of the Tablet
The Hadith of the Tablet, narrated by Sheikh Al-Saduq, describes a green tablet that Fatima possessed, which listed the names of the Prophet, Ali, her sons, and the future Imams from her progeny. This tablet was a source of solace and prophecy, confirming the divine selection and roles of these holy figures.
Imam Mahdi as the Solace of Al-Zahra
In a narration by Ali bin Hilal, the Prophet comforted Fatima during his final moments, assuring her of the divine selection of her family and the special qualities bestowed upon them. The Prophet highlighted the role of Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) as the savior who will bring justice and peace when the world is in chaos.
Fatima as the Role Model for Imam Mahdi
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is presented as the perfect role model, embodying the virtues of her father, the Prophet Muhammad (may God bless him and his family). Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) follows in her footsteps, and it is said that God becomes angry with those who anger Fatima and is pleased with those who please her. Imam Mahdi considers her his example, as indicated in his own words.
Surah Al-Qadr and Its Interpretation
In the interpretation of Surah Al-Qadr, Imam Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) mentioned that "The Night of Decree" refers to Fatima al-Zahra, and the descent of angels and the Spirit upon her represents the divine blessings bestowed upon her and her progeny, culminating in the rise of Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him).
Titles and Roles of Fatima and Imam Mahdi
Fatima is referred to as "the rest of the prophets" and "the mistress of women," while Imam Mahdi is titled "the master of creation" and "the light of the people of earth." These titles highlight their paramount importance and roles in guiding humanity and preserving the divine message.
Fatima and Imam Mahdi in the Context of Prophecy
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) and Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) both share a unique connection to prophecy. Fatima is described as the updated one, receiving divine communication, while Imam Mahdi is recognized as a muhaddith, an Imam who conveys divine wisdom and guidance. Their connection to the divine message underscores their roles as pivotal figures in Islamic eschatology.
The Purity and Light of Fatima and Imam Mahdi
Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is acknowledged as the embodiment of purity, as stated in the Qur'an and affirmed by various narrations. Similarly, Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) is described as the light that will illuminate the earth, dispelling darkness and guiding humanity toward righteousness.
Conclusion
The connection between Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) and Fatima al-Zahra (peace be upon her) is profound and multifaceted. Their shared virtues, roles, and divine missions highlight the continuity of spiritual leadership in Islam and the enduring legacy of the Prophet Muhammad's family. The narratives and interpretations presented emphasize their importance in guiding the Muslim ummah and fulfilling the divine promise of justice and righteousness on earth.
The politics of violence against Fatima Al-Zahra... her inheritance from her father and the usurpation of her rights is an example
The meeting in the Saqifa and the battle of Aws and Khazraj on one side and the presence of Abu Bakr and some hypocrites on the other side generated consequences and calamities that befell Islam and led to corruption in the religion. But those gathered were unaware of the hidden webs that had been woven before the death of the most honorable Prophet, may God bless him and his family.
Consequences of the Saqifa Meeting
The result of this meeting was to remove the right from the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, to usurp Fadak and the inheritance from Fatima, peace be upon her, and to usurp her rights with a fatwa linked to an invented hadith that he had not heard from the Noble Prophet, may God bless him and his family, his daughter, his brother, and his guardian. This fatwa is not in the era of the most honorable Prophet, nor even in his law, nor in Islam. Rather, it is a fatwa that is not like it in Christianity, nor in Judaism, nor in any sect or religion in the world. This fatwa was to usurp the rights of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib and the Lady of the Women of the Worlds, Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon them. "And their legacy, since this fatwa was political and issued by the Caliph and was unique to it, contradicting the Qur’an, the Sunnah, reason and custom, Abu Bakr issued a fatwa with it and the hypocrites of Medina supported it (1).
Questions Arising from the Usurpation
There are many questions that can come to mind about this topic, including: What prompted her, peace be upon her, to this continuous pursuit and continuous efforts to demand her rights? What is the reason for this insistence and follow-up on the request for Fadak and interest in those lands and palm trees, despite the high spirit and lofty status that Lady Fatima, peace be upon her, enjoyed? What is the motive for the Lady of the Women of the Worlds to undertake this expense and endure these exhausting difficulties to claim her lands, when she knows that her efforts will fail and that she will not be able to overcome the situation, nor will she be able to seize those lands from the usurpers?
Economic Strategy Against Ahl al-Bayt
The answer to such questions could be that when the authority confiscated the funds of Lady Fatima al-Zahra and placed them in the state budget, their goal was to weaken the side of the Ahl al-Bayt, “peace be upon them.” They wanted to fight Ali, “peace be upon them,” economically. They wanted Ali to be the son of Abi. He demanded a poor person so that people would not rally around him, and he would not have any importance on the economic level. This is a policy that the hypocrites wanted to implement against the Messenger of God when they said: “Do not spend on those with the Messenger of God until they disperse” (2), since the lands of Fadak did not It was not productive, but it had a large revenue, and this is what the scholar Al-Majlisi indicated in his book: “The revenue of Fadak was twenty-four thousand dinars every year, and in another narration seventy thousand dinars” (3), and in any case this is wealth. It is a wide range that cannot be overlooked in light of the unjust policy of the authorities at that time.
The Necessity of Wealth for Justice
In addition, even if a person is ascetic in this world and desires the hereafter, he nevertheless needs money to improve his affairs, preserve his honor, maintain his ties of kinship, and spend it in the path of God, since the most honorable Prophet, may God bless him and his family, was ascetic. Asceticism: How did he benefit from Khadija’s money in order to strengthen Islam? In addition to that, a person demands his usurped right. The matter is not devoid of one of two aspects. Either the person wins and obtains what he wants, which is what is desired and through it his goal of demanding is achieved, or he does not win in his demand, for he has shown his injustice and announced to the people that he has been oppressed and that his money has been usurped. From him, especially if the usurper is someone who claims to be righteous and pretends to be religious and pious, the oppressed person will know for generations that he is not sincere in his claim. For these reasons, Lady Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon her, rose and headed towards the mosque of her father, the Messenger of God, in order to demand her rights (4).
The Mosque Protest
There is a historical fact that she did not go to Abu Bakr’s house for the sake of dialogue between her and him only, but rather she chose the most appropriate place, which is the Islamic Center, and she also chose the appropriate time so that the mosque would be crowded with people of all classes of immigrants and Ansar, and she did not go out to the mosque alone, but rather She went out with a group of women as if she was on a women’s march (5), and before that it was decided to choose a place in the mosque for a few of the noble Prophet and his beloved to sit, and they hung a curtain so that Lady Fatima, “peace be upon her,” could sit behind the curtain (6).
Abu Bakr and the hypocrites prepared to listen to the protest of the most knowledgeable woman in the entire world, namely the Lady of the Women of the Worlds, Fatima Al-Zahra, and she delivered her eloquent sermon. She was improvised, organized, and coordinated, far from confusion in speech, and free from fallacy, evasion, clowning, and slander, and even from everything that does not suit her greatness and personality. The lady sat in the place prepared for her, and perhaps her entry was for the first time after the death of her father, the Great Messenger, “may God bless him and his family” (7).
The Power of Fatima's Presence
In this regard, one of the researchers says: “It is enough for Fatima to lead her feet into the courtyard of the mosque, and to stand in front of the caliph with a robe and veil, and to give him a sad look, and to move a hand with palms together, and to stand for a moment and then the shadow withdraws, and she did it. History bears witness that she did it.” Her voice as she delivered her speech was heard by only a few people. What was heard was not her spoken words. What history has recorded from that speech is the meaning and it is the thought. It is rebellion against everything that exists. In the speech, she explained her father’s message, not to explain the message, but rather to explain it. To determine her position in the message and Ali from it, and she demanded the inheritance proving that she has a right to it” (8).
Then she went back to her intended words and her desired goal, which is to demand her right and complain against the ruling authority. Above all, she directed the speech to the Muslims because they pledged allegiance to the head of state, and the speech was not directed to the head of state because he is one of the two parties to the trial, and it is what is meant by quarreling and condemning, and for this reason she introduced herself to those present. As are the principles followed in trials, because it is the other party to the trial, and because it represents the family of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family.
The Claim of Inheritance
The subject of the court was the lands and provinces that had been at the disposal of Lady Fatima al-Zahra for years, then the authority seized them and confiscated them without legal justification. That is why Lady Fatima addressed her speech to those present and said: “O people, know that I am Fatima.” It seems that she mentioned her name to the listeners, because that The name that people heard repeatedly from the mouth of the most honorable Prophet, and which is filled with prophetic emotions. “And my father: Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family,” she wanted to confirm that this honorable lineage, which has no lineage above it, seems to have known herself so that someone would not say: Why did she not declare her name? Why did she not define her personality? Why did she not mention her lineage? Thus, she completed the argument against them. She came to demand her rights and money that had been confiscated and usurped.
Then she said: “I say it again and again, and I do not say what I say wrongly, nor do I do what I do in error.” That is, I speak last and first, and first and last, and I am certain of what I say, since she does not speak unfairly, unjustly, or transgressing the limits: “Indeed, there has come to you a messenger from among yourselves, Mighty.” He is responsible for whatever you intended. He is anxious for you as a believer, Most Compassionate and Merciful.” (9)
The Role of the Messenger
Providing the means of happiness for you, with the believers of this nation. Rauf and Merciful are two synonymous words, meaning compassion, kindness, and tenderness. Then she clarified in her statement: “If you honor him and get to know him, you will find him to be my father to the exclusion of your women and my cousin’s brother to the exclusion of your men.” Meaning, do you attribute him to him and say that he is whose father? And whose brother? So you find that I am his only daughter and he is my father, and your women do not share this pure and highest lineage with me, just as he is my husband’s brother, and none of your men shared my father’s brotherhood. Then she said: “How good is the one to whom one is attributed, may God bless him and his family,” meaning how good is the one attributed to him and the one who belongs to him. He is the most honorable of those who are attributed to him, and the purest of those who belong to him.
Address to Abu Bakr
Then Lady Al-Zahra addressed her speech to the head of state, “O Ibn Abi Quhafa.” Here she did not say to him: “O successor of the Messenger of God,” because the Messenger of God, “may God bless him and his family,” did not appoint him as his successor, and she did not address him by the nickname “O Abu Bakr,” because it was an act of reverence for him. Rather, she said to him: “O son of Abi Quhafa.” Then she said: “In the Book of God, do you inherit your father and I do not inherit my father?” It seems that she wants to say, O son of Abi Quhafa, by what law do you inherit your father if he dies or do I inherit my father if he dies?
Do you rely on the Book of God to prevent me from inheriting my father’s inheritance? Then she confirmed in her statement, “Have you deliberately left the Book of God and cast it behind your backs?” Do you not have this Qur’an? So why did you abandon working on it and put it behind you when it says: “And Solomon became the heir of David” (10). Is this not a statement of the law of inheritance and inheritance among the prophets? Were not Solomon and his son David among the prophets? It seems that Abu Bakr and all the Muslims present understood that what was meant by her words was inheritance. In this verse, he inherited the money, and the meaning of that is that Solomon inherited the wealth of his father David, and they did not understand anything other than this, and so is the speech in the Almighty’s saying in what was taken from the news of Zechariah when He said: “He shall inherit from me and inherit from the family of Jacob” (11), meaning that Zechariah The Prophet asked God Almighty to grant him a son who would inherit money from him.
The Claim of Deception
Then she said: “And you claimed that I have no favor, no inheritance from my father, and no kinship between us.” She wanted to say that you know that you are liars. You claimed that I have no share, no status, no inheritance, no kinship, and no connection, because you denied the fixed inheritance between me and my father. Every connection, relationship, and kinship between me and my father. Then she said: “Has God given you a specific verse from which my father was removed?!” That is, the verses on inheritance are general and comprehensive for all Muslims. Did God exclude my father from the verses on inheritance, so there is no inheritance between the Prophet and his family?
Then she emphasized in her sermon: “Or do you say: We are people of two religions who do not inherit one another, or are my father and I not people of one religion?” It seems that she wanted to clarify an important issue in the Islamic approach in the presence of all the immigrants and supporters, that Islamic law stipulates that an infidel does not inherit from a Muslim, as she shouted against disbelief and hypocrisy as she assured them that an infidel does not inherit from a Muslim. “Or do you say that we are people of two religions who do not inherit one another?”
“Do you doubt my Islam, my being a Muslim woman, and my Islamic law?”
Then she emphasized in her sermon: “Or do you know more about the Qur’an and its generalities than my father and my cousin?” It seems that she wanted to say that Ali and my father know best what is in the Noble Qur’an and that the verses on inheritance are general. If they are specific to the most honorable Prophet, then the Messenger of God knows about that, and why did he inform his daughter of this specific ruling? Is it reasonable for the Most Honorable Prophet to hide this ruling from his daughter despite the intensity of her contact with him? His intense attachment to her, and the intense need to explain the ruling to her so that she would not demand the inheritance after the death of her father, the Great Prophet, may God bless him and his family. Then you say “peace be upon her,” or do you say that you are more knowledgeable about the Qur’an and its specific and general verses than the father of the Messenger of God to whose heart the Qur’an was revealed? Or do you know more than my cousin Ali Ibn Abi Talib about the city of the Messenger’s knowledge? If the matter was like this, my husband told me, but he did not order me to attend the mosque and demand my rights and my father’s inheritance.
The Final Plea
Then she directed her speech to the head of state alone, to the exclusion of the Muslims present in the mosque: “Her neck is muzzled and carried away.” It seems that she wanted to say to Ibn Abi Quhafa, “Take it,” meaning, “Take Fadak,” as she likened Fadak to a camel with its mounts and muzzles on it. Take Fadak, ready and prepared, as was in her words. A threat, and this is like what is said to the aggressor: “Do whatever you want, and plunder what you want,” “I will meet you on the day you are gathered, for what a good judge God is, and the leader is Muhammad, may God bless him and his family, and the appointed time is Resurrection,” indicating that man will see his deeds on the Day of Resurrection, and on that day judgment belongs to the One God. The Omnipotent, not for you, son of Abi Qafa, for God from whom nothing of the injustices of His servants is hidden, and that the most honorable Prophet is your adversary demanding from you the rights of his daughter Fatima, and that the Day of Judgment is the Day of Resurrection, and those who claimed falsehood and claimed what is not theirs will lose (12). Al-Zahra, peace be upon her, left and the earth shook, and a man who had usurped her father’s inheritance shouted: Remove my pledge of allegiance to me...(13).
Conclusion
We conclude from this that all the images that Lady Fatima al-Zahra, peace be upon her, presented to the immigrants and supporters in this issue, wanted to say that the issue was political and not religious, as it was a conspiracy against the family of the Noble Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and his family, and to fight them economically and to weaken their economic side. They wanted Imam Ali (peace be upon him) to be poor so that people would not rally around him, and that he would not have any importance on the economic level. This is a policy that the hypocrites wanted to implement against the Messenger of God when they said: “Do not spend on those with the Messenger of God until they disperse.”
References:
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For more details about this, see: Muhammad Baqir Al-Kajouri, Fatimid Characteristics, translated by Jamal Ashraf, (Holy Qom: Shariat Press, 1960); Mohsen bin Muhammad bin Abdul Karim bin Ali bin Muhammad Al-Amin Al-Amili, Shiite Notables, edited by Hassan Al-Amin, (Beirut: Dar Al-Ma’arif, 1983), vol. 5; Ismail Pasha Al-Baghdadi, The Gift of the Knowing, (Beirut: Arab Heritage Revival House, ed.).
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Surah Al-Munafiqun: Verse 7
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Muhammad Baqir Al-Majlisi, Bihar Al-Anwar, (Beirut: Al-Alami Publications Foundation, 2008), vol. 8, p. 104.
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For more details about this, see: Muhammad Kadhim Al-Qazwini, Fatima Al-Zahra from the Cradle to the Grave, (Qom: Scientific Press, 1414 AH), pp. 290-295.
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Al-Zamakhshari narrates that Fatima went out in the presence of her wives... until she entered upon Abu Bakr. For more details, see: Mahmoud bin Omar Al-Zamakhshari, Al-Fa’iq fi Ghareeb Al-Hadith, edited by Ali Muhammad Al-Bajjawi and Muhammad Abu Al-Fadl Ibrahim, Part 3, p. 331.
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Ismail Al-Ansari, Encyclopedia of Fatima Al-Zahra, (Holy Qom, 2006), vol. 13, pp. 320-335.
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Muhammad Kadhim Al-Qazwini, Fatima Al-Zahra from the cradle to the grave, (Qom: Basirati Library, 1414 AH), p. 289
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Suleiman Kettani, Fatima Al-Zahra, Witr fi Sheath, edited by Muhammad Al-Saadi, (Iran: Laila Press, 1429 AH).
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Surat Al-Tawbah: Verse 128.
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Surat An-Naml, verse 16.
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Surat Maryam, verse 6.
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For more details about the explanation of the sermon of Lady Fatima al-Zahra, see: Kamal al-Din Maitham bin Ali bin Maitham al-Bahrani, Explanation of Nahj al-Balagha, (Dar al-Thaqalayn Publications for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, 1999), vol. 5; Muhammad Kadhim Al-Qazwini, previous source, pp. 374-380.
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Kamal Al-Sayyid, and she was a friend, (Ansarian Printing and Publishing Foundation, 2006), p. 221.
The Marriage of the Two Lights
Their blessed marriage took place on the first day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah of the year 2 AH, and it is called the marriage of the two lights. This event is of great importance to the Shiites because both of them are among the greatest personalities and they are the best of creation after the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, and that the infallible Imams are the fruit of this blessed marriage. This marriage also indicates the status of Imam Ali, peace be upon him, with the Prophet, as he married him off with his pure wife, peace be upon her, and singled him out for this without the rest of the believers.
Marriage Story
In the first year of the Prophet’s migration, Imam Ali, peace be upon him, was twenty-four years old. It was necessary for him to get married and begin a shared life, and Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon her, was nine years old at that time. On the authority of the Prophet, he said: “While I was praying the dawn prayer on Friday, I heard the rustling of the angels, and behold, my beloved Gabriel was with him, and with him were seventy rows of angels, crowned, earrings, and combed, so I said: What is this rumbling from the sky, my brother Gabriel?! He said: O Muhammad! God Almighty looked at the earth carefully and chose Ali from among the men and Fatima from the women, so he married Fatima to Ali. So Fatima, peace be upon her, raised her head and smiled... and said: I am satisfied with what God and His Messenger are pleased with.”
Anas said: He came to me, and the Prophet smiled and then said: “O Ali, God has commanded me to marry you to Fatima. I may marry her to you for four hundred mithqals of silver if you are satisfied.” Ali said: I am satisfied, O Messenger of God... Then the Messenger of God said: “May God bless you and you and make you happy and bring out of you much goodness.”
Marriage in Heaven
The Messenger of God said: This is Gabriel telling me that God married you to Fatima, and forty thousand angels bore witness to her marriage. He inspired the tree of Touba: “Scatter pearls and rubies on them.” So I scattered pearls and rubies on them, so the young maidens ran to him, gathering pearls and rubies in bowls of pearls, and they were approaching him. between them until the Day of Resurrection.”
Ibn Abi Al-Hadid said: His marriage to Ali did not take place until after God Almighty granted him marriage to her in heaven with the testimony of the angels. On the authority of Ibn Masoud, on the authority of the Messenger of God, that he said: “God commanded me to marry Fatima to Ali.”
In the narration: The Prophet came to Fatima, and said in what he said: “By God, if my family (my household) had been better than him, I would not have married you to him (to him), nor am I your wife, but God has made you your husband.” In another narration: “If Ali had not (not created) (and it was narrated: he had not married her), there would have been no match for Fatima.”
Date of Marriage
The marriage of Al-Nurayn, the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, to Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon her - according to the famous in the year 2 AH was on Thursday night, and it was said: Monday.
The Marriage Mahr of Al-Zahra (peace be upon her)
Her reward, peace be upon her, was four hundred and eighty Hijri black dirhams.
It was narrated on the authority of Imam al-Sadiq, that the Commander of the Faithful brought dirhams and poured them into the lap of the Messenger of God, and he took a handful of it, and it was sixty-three or sixty-six. It was the price of the Imam’s armor, so he gave Umm Ayman for household items, Asma bint Umays for perfume, and Umm Salamah for food. Ammar, Abu Bakr, and Bilal ran out with them to buy what was suitable for the house from the rest of the furniture, including:
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A shirt for seven dirhams.
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A veil for four dirhams.
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(Abaya) black velvet Khibari.
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A bed bound with tape.
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A mattress made of Egyptian burlap stuffed with wool.
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A pillow stuffed with palm fiber.
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Four pieces of Adam Al-Taif stuffed with Azkhar.
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A thin wool jacket.
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Hijri mat.
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Hand mill.
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A waterskin from Adam.
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Copper plated.
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Qaab for milk.
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Vishan for water.
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An asphalt disinfectant.
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Green jar.
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Ceramic.
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A seed from Adam.
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Qatwaniya abaya.
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A water bottle.
Wedding Feast
On the authority of Ibn Abbas, in the story of the marriage of the Commander of the Faithful, he said: The Prophet called Bilal and said: (O Bilal, I married my daughter to my cousin, and I would like it to be part of the Sunnah of my nation to provide food at marriage, so go to the sheep, and take a sheep. And four or five supplies, so make me a bowl that I may gather the Muhajireen and Ansar over, and when you have finished with it, inform me of it.”
If we observe the day of the birth of the Imam (Rajab 13, 30 of the Year of the Elephant) until his arrival in Medina (12 Rabi’ al-Awwal, 43 of the Year of the Elephant) and his settlement until Rajab, he will have completed thirteen years of his life, and if we take the words of Sheikh Al-Mufid (may God have mercy on him) that marriage in the month of Muharram - as Ibn Tawus also did - will mean that he will be fourteen years old, and if the marriage is in Dhul-Hijjah of the second year of the Hijra, then he will have entered the age of fifteen years of age.
Is there a relationship between pleasing Lady Fatima Al-Zahra and observing Laylat Al-Qadr?
It is mentioned in the hadiths that the Night of Power is a great night and that it represents one of the secrets of the Creator, as it is considered better than a thousand months, and that it is the focus of attention and was mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, as emphasized by the Prophet Muhammad (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and his pure family.
The Night of Power in Hadiths
It was mentioned in the interpretation of Noor al-Thaqalayn and al-Burhan and the Book of Bihar al-Anwar (vol. 42: 105) on the authority of the interpretation of Furat al-Kufi, with a chain of narration on the authority of Imam al-Baqir in the interpretation of Surat al-Qadr, he said: Fatima is the Night of Destiny. Whoever knows Fatima properly has realized the Night of Destiny.
The Relationship Between Lady Fatima Al-Zahra and the Night of Destiny
Specialists believe that there is a relationship between Lady Fatima Al-Zahra and the celebration of the Night of Destiny, pointing out the presence of countless evidence, foremost of which is what was reported from Imam Al-Sadiq that he said: (Indeed, We sent it down on the Night of Destiny), the night is Fatima Al-Zahra and God Almighty, Whoever truly knows Fatima has realized Laylat al-Qadr, but she was named Fatima because people have become weaned from knowing her.)
The Cosmic Structure and Creation of Lady Al-Zahra
There are those who believe that the relationship lies in the cosmic structure with which God Almighty created Lady Al-Zahra, as the narratives indicate that God Almighty commanded His Noble Messenger to leave his house for forty days, fast during the day and pray at night, and then break his fast from the fruits of Paradise. The honorable Messenger said: Gabriel brought me an apple from Paradise, so I ate it and it turned into water in my loins. Then I had intercourse with Khadija and became pregnant with Fatima, and I smell the scent of Paradise from her.
The Path to God's Satisfaction
Others considered that the secret to realizing Laylat al-Qadr represents the path to God’s satisfaction, basing this on the noble hadiths that confirm that God’s satisfaction is Fatima’s pleasure, and that realizing Laylat al-Qadr represents the way to escape from the horrors of the Resurrection. The narratives indicate that loving Fatima is beneficial in one hundred places, the forefront of which is salvation from the horrors of the Resurrection, in addition to being the means to escape from the fire of Hell. As it was reported: She was named Fatima because she picks up her followers and lovers from the Fire just as a bird picks up good seeds from the bad.
Fragments about Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon her
The Holy Qur’an has immortalized the mention of all the prophets, messengers, and righteous saints of God with verses that are recited at night and at the end of the day, in honor of their positions and the sacrifices they made in reviving the divine call. Among those whom God Almighty has singled out for mention are the pure elite, the People of the House. The commentators have mentioned the verses that were revealed for their right and greatness. I forbid them and call to emulate them and follow in their footsteps.
A Brief Summary of the Biography of Fatima Al-Zahra
She is Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, and her mother is the great lady: Khadija bint Khuwaylid, peace be upon her, the Mother of the Believers, and her husband, the master of the guardians, Ali bin Abi Talib, the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, and her children, the pure imams, peace be upon them. She was born to the most honorable parents who changed the course of history in the few years she was born. Peace be upon you, on the twentieth day of Jumada al-Akhirah, in the forty-fifth year of the birth of the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family. An oppressed martyr died on Tuesday, the third of Jumada al-Akhirah, in the eleventh year of the Hijra. She was eighteen years old, in the age of roses and flowers.
The Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, prepared her and showed her in Medina and hid her. He buried her according to her will, in protest against those who had wronged her and usurped her rights. She, peace be upon her, was like her father in worship, asceticism, virtue, and piety. God Almighty revealed verses about her from the Wise Qur’an. The Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, had nicknamed her: Lady of the Women of the Worlds, and his nickname was: her father’s mother. He loved her with great love and revered her with great reverence, to the point that when she entered upon him, he welcomed her and stood up in reverence for her and made her sit in his place, and perhaps even kissed her hands. He, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, used to say: God is satisfied when Fatima is pleased and angry when she is angry. She gave birth to the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, Imam Hassan, peace be upon him, and Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, and Al-Muhsin, peace be upon him, but he fell as a result of the harm that befell his mother, and Mrs. Zeinab, peace be upon her, and Mrs. Umm Kulthum, peace be upon her.
Fatima Al-Zahra in the Verse of Purification
The verse of purification was revealed to the Messenger, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, while he was in the house of Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her. Al-Tirmidhi, Ibn Jarir, Ahmad, Al-Jazari, Al-Asqalani, Al-Muhib Al-Tabari, Al-Hasakani and others reported on the authority of Shahr bin Hawshab and others on the authority of Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her, that the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, and he greeted Al-Hasan, Al-Hussein, Ali, and Fatima as a cloak, then said: O God, these are the people of my household and my special ones (and in a word: my protector), remove the uncleanness from them and purify them with a thorough purification.
Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her, said: So I lifted the cloak to enter with them, so he pulled it from my hand and said: (You are good). So the verse was revealed: “God only wants to remove impurity from you, O People of the Household, and purify you with a thorough purification.” The Sahihs repeatedly mentioned the narration of the honorable lady Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her, through sound methods and from many sources.
The Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, clarifies that the noble verse is limited to those who are clothed, in order to exalt their status and out of preference for them over others whom he found and within the sight and hearing of Umm Salamah, may God be pleased with her, and despite her status and closeness to the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, he answered her, saying: - After pulling the cloak - (You are well). Far be it from his saying to be in vain and idle talk, as he was guided by the care of the Almighty God: (And he does not speak out of his own desire. Indeed, it is nothing but a revelation revealed.)
So his saying and action were in compliance with the command of God Almighty, and where you find in the hadith about the covering, it was reported that Gabriel asked God Almighty, saying: Who is under the covering? When God Almighty wanted to define the five good and pure people, He said: They are Fatima, her father, her husband, and her sons. In this holy hadith, we find that God began with Fatima Al-Zahra, and this indicates her high status. It is clear from this that Fatima Al-Zahra is the focus of the people of God.
Fatima Al-Zahra is the Light of God, So Why Was She Wronged?
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra is the ultimate example of divine light. The Blessed and Most High said: “God is the light of the heavens and the earth. The likeness of His light is like a niche in which is a lamp.” On the authority of Saleh bin Sahl Al-Hamdani, he said, I heard Abu Abdullah say in the Almighty’s saying: “God is the light of the heavens and the earth.” “His light is like a niche.” The niche is Fatima. She was a light that tyrants feared would expose them, and it is common knowledge that thieves do not steal while the light exists so that they do not expose themselves.
So they wanted to extinguish that divine light in order to steal the caliphate from the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, but they failed in that as well. It was mentioned in the Almighty’s saying: “They want to extinguish the light of God with their mouths, and God will perfect His light, even if the disbelievers hate it.” So some thugs came to burn the house of Al-Zahra, peace be upon her, and she said: “O son of Al-Khattab! Are you leaving a crematorium at my door?!” He said: Yes. She said: Woe to you, O Omar. What is this? Daring against God and His Messenger? Do you want to cut off his lineage from this world, annihilate him, and extinguish the light of God, while God has perfected His light? So he rebuked her and said: Enough, Fatima, for Muhammad is not present, nor are the angels coming with commands, prohibitions, and rebukes from God, and I am only like one of the Muslims, so choose if you want him to go out and pledge allegiance? Abu Bakr or burning you all, and you find this text in the books of both groups.
What kind of people are they and what Islam do they claim? Is this how the Messenger of God advised his descendants?! When he said: I have left among you the two weighty things, the Book of God, and my family, my household, so see how you leave me behind in them. I command that the house and everyone in it be burned!! What injustice befell Lady Fatima al-Zahra, may God’s peace be upon her, that made her cry and say: Oh God, to You we complain, for the loss of your Prophet, your Messenger, and your class, and the apostasy of his nation against us. “And they deprived us of our right that you gave us in Your Book revealed to your Prophet who was sent.”
That is, the injustice that made her cry loudly and say, “O Father, O Messenger of God, your daughter Fatima is being lied to and beaten, and a fetus in her womb is being killed.” Is this what the Messenger of God recommended when he said: Fatima is a few from me, whoever makes her angry makes me angry, and in a narration: What I dislike about her makes me suspicious, and what hurts her hurts me. The Messenger of God said: Whoever hurts her in my life is like the one who hurts her after my death, and whoever hurts her after my death is like the one who hurt her in my life, and whoever hurts her has hurt me, and whoever hurts me has hurt God, which is the saying of God Almighty, “Indeed, those who harm God and His Messenger, God has cursed them in this world and the hereafter, and has prepared for them a humiliating punishment.”
References:
(1) Al-Tirmidhi, vol. 2, p. 319 - Al-Tabari, vol. 22, p. 6 - Ahmad in his Musnad, vol. 6, p. 306 - Asad Al-Ghabah, vol. 4, p. 29 - Tahdheeb Al-Tahdheeb, vol. 2, p. 297 - Dhakha’ir Al-Uqabi, p. 21 - Evidence of the Revelation
(2) Al-Durr Al-Manthur in the interpretation of the verse.
(3) Al-Tarikh Al-Kabir by Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 29, Hadith 1719 - Sunan Al-Bayhaqi, vol. 2, p. 150 - Tafsir Al-Zamakhshari, vol. 1, p. 369 - Tafsir Al-Qurtubi, vol. 4, p. 183 - Tafsir Ibn Kathir, vol. 3, p. 484 - Al-Durr Al-Manthur, Tafsir of the Verse - Al-Isti’ab, vol. 2 P. 460 - The Sufficiency of the Student, Chapter of the Hundred - Mustadrak Al-Hakim, vol. 3, p. 146 - Al-Riyadh Al-Nadhra, vol. 2, p. 248 - Fath Al-Qadeer, vol. 4, p. 279 - Fath Al-Bayan, vol. 7, p. 364 - Important Chapters, p. 25 - Asbab Al-Nazul, p. 239 - Matalib Al-Su’ul, vol. 1 P. 19 - Tafsir Al-Baydawi, vol. 2, p. 245 - Explanation of Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, vol. 4, p. 11, and other sources, please review.
(4) Surah An-Najm, verses 3-4.
(5) Mafatih al-Jinan by al-Qummi: 1-4 Hadith al-Kisa (appendix at the end of the book), Muntakhab al-Tarihi: 259 Majlis 9 of the second part.
(6) Collection of Epistles by Sheikh Lutfullah Al-Safi, Part 2
(7) Al-Tafsir Al-Safi Al-Fayd Al-Kashani, Part 4
(8) Surat Al-Tawbah, verse (57)
The status of Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) on the Day of Resurrection
Furat bin Ibrahim narrated with us on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: I heard the Commander of the Faithful Ali bin Abi Talib say: The Messenger of God entered one day to see Fatima while she was sad, and he said to her: What is your sadness, my daughter? She said: Father, I mentioned the gathering place and people standing naked on the Day of Resurrection.
He said: O my daughter, it is a great day, but Gabriel told me on the authority of God Almighty that he said: The first for whom the earth will open on the Day of Resurrection will be me, then my father Abraham, then your husband Ali bin Abi Talib, then God will send Gabriel to you with seventy thousand angels, and he will strike over your grave seven domes of light. Then Israfil will come to you with three robes of light. He will stand at your head and call to you: O Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, rise to your gathering place, and you will stand secure in your splendor, with your private parts hidden. Then Israfil will hand you the robes and you will put them on, and Zufael will bring you a robe of light, with a band of pearls. It is wet, it has a golden palanquin on it, and you ride it, and Zephael leads by its reins, and in your hands are seventy thousand angels with banners of praise in their hands.
When you are on your way, seventy thousand nymphs will greet you, looking at you with joy, each one of them holding a censer of light from which shines the scent of the oud without fire, and wearing jewel wreaths studded with green emeralds. They will walk to your right.
If you walk like the way you walked from your grave until you met the Houris, Maryam bint Imran will meet you in a similar number of Houris as you have, and she will greet you, and she and those with her will walk to your left. Then your mother Khadija bint Khuwaylid, the first of the women to believe in God and His Messenger, will meet you, and with her are seventy thousand angels with banners of takbir in their hands. As you approached the crowd, Eve greeted you with seventy thousand houris, and with her was Asiya bint Muzahim, and she and those with her walked away.
If the crowd is in the middle, that is because God gathers the creatures on one level, so that their feet are level, then a caller calls out from under the throne, hearing the creatures: lower your gazes until Fatima Al-Siddiqa, daughter of Muhammad, and those with her pass by, and no one will look at you on that day except Ibrahim Khalil Al-Rahman and Ali bin Abi Talib. Peace be upon him, and Adam seeks Eve and sees her with your mother Khadija in front of you, then a platform of light is set up for you in seven platforms, and between one platform to the other are rows of angels with banners of light in their hands, and the beautiful virgins are lined up to the right of the platform and to its left, and the women closest to you are to your left, Eve and Asiya.
When you are at the top of the pulpit, Gabriel comes to you and says to you: O Fatima, ask what you need, and you say: O Lord, show me Al-Hassan and Al-Hussein, and they come to you and Al-Hassan’s cheeks are dripping with blood, and he says: O Lord, take for me today my rights from those who have wronged me, and he becomes angry at that noble person and becomes angry. Because of his wrath, Hell and all the angels, and then Hell exhales with a sigh, then a group of fire emerges and captures the killers of Al-Hussein and their sons and their sons’ sons, and they say: O Lord, did we not bring Al-Hussein? God says to the denizens of Hell: Take them and their children’s children, and they say: O Lord, did we not bring Al-Hussein? So God says to the savages of Hell: Seize them by their marks with the blue of their eyes and the black of their faces. Seize them by their forelocks and throw them into the lowest depths of Hell, for they were more severe against the guardians of Al-Hussein than their fathers who fought Al-Hussein and killed him. Then Gabriel says: O Fatima, ask what you need? So you say: O Lord, the Shiites of my children, and God says: I have forgiven them, so you say: O Lord, the Shiites of my Shiites? So God says: Go, and whoever adheres to you will be with you in Paradise. Then the creatures will wish that they were Fatimis, so you will walk with you and your Shiites, the Shiites of your son, and the Shiites of the Commander of the Faithful, their beauty safe, their faults hidden, adversity removed from them, and resources made easy for them, people fear and they do not fear. People are thirsty when they are not thirsty.
When you reach the gate of Paradise, twelve thousand nymphs will meet you. They have not met anyone before you, nor will they meet anyone who will come after you. In their hands are spears of light upon luminaries of light, their shafts made of gold and rubies, their strings made of fresh pearls, and on each guinea pig a pendant made of fine sand. When you enter Paradise, its people will meet with you, and tables of jewels on pillars of light will be set for your Shiites, and they will eat from them while the people will be in reckoning, and they will abide forever in what their souls desire. And when the saints of God settle in Paradise, Adam and the prophets below him will visit you, and in the depths of Paradise there are two pearls of one race. A white pearl and a yellow pearl. In them are palaces and houses, in each one seventy thousand houses. The white ones are homes for us and our Shiites, and the yellow ones are homes for Abraham and his family - may God’s prayers be upon them all. She said: O father, I would not like to see your day or stay after you. He said: Oh. My daughter, Gabriel told me about God that you are the first of my family to join me, so all woe is to whoever wrongs you, and great victory is to whoever helps you.
Ata’ said: Whenever Ibn Abbas mentioned this hadith, he recited this verse: “And those who believed and whose descendants followed them in faith, to them We will join their descendants, and We have not failed them in anything of their deeds. For what he earned is a pledge.” [At-Tur: 21].
Forty hadiths by the Lady of the Women of the Worlds, Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her)
A collection of golden words that are considered one of the mines of the Islamic heritage and one of the most wonderful intellectual riches in Islam. It is filled with the foundations of wisdom, the rules of morals, and the summary of experiences.
(1) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: We are his means of creation, we are his property and the place of his holiness, we are his proof in his absence, and we are the heirs of his prophets. Explanation of Nahj al-Balagha by Ibn Abi al-Hadid, vol. 16, p. 211
(2) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: O Abu Al-Hassan, I am ashamed before God to burden yourself with what you cannot afford. Amali Al-Tusi, vol. 2, p. 228
(3) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: I advise you, O Abu Al-Hassan, not to forget me and to visit me after I die. Al-Kawkab Al-Dari, vol. 1, p. 253
(4) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: O Abu Al-Hassan, the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) made a covenant with me and told me that I am the first of his family to join him and it is necessary for him, so be patient with the command of God Almighty and content with His decree. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 200, pm 30
(5) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: The happy person is every happy person. The truly happy person is the one who loved Ali during his life and after his death. Majma’ al-Zawa’id, vol. 9, p. 132
(6) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: He is the divine Imam, the luminous temple, the pole of poles, the lineage of perfumes, the speaker of what is right, the point of the circle of the Imamate. Riyahin Al-Sharia, vol. 1, p. 93
(7) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Whoever greets him or me for three days, God will grant him Paradise. It was said to her: In his life and your life? She said: Yes, and after our death. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 185, pm 17
(8) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Abu Al-Hasan only did what he should have done, and they did what God is their Judge and Demand. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 28, p. 355, no. 69
(9) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: I advise you first to marry my sister’s daughter, Umama, after me, as she will be as much my son as I am, for men must have women. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 192, pm 20. Shiite Notables, vol. 1, p. 321
(10) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: The father of this nation, Muhammad and Ali, will protect their loved ones, save them from eternal torment if they obey them, and grant them eternal bliss if they stand up to them. Interpretation of Imam Al-Askari (peace be upon him), p. 330, no. 191
(11) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Our Shiites are among the best of the people of Paradise, all of our lovers, the loyalists of our saints, the enemies of our enemies, and the one who submits with his heart and tongue to us. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 68, p. 155, pm 11
(12) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Whoever ascends to God in his sincere worship, God Almighty will descend for him what is best for him. Explanation of Nahj al-Balagha by Ibn Abi al-Hadid, vol. 16, p. 211
(13) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: God made faith a purification for you from polytheism, prayer a purification for you from arrogance, zakat a purification for the soul and an increase in livelihood, fasting a confirmation of sincerity, and Hajj a strengthening of the religion. Rayahin Al-Sharia, vol. 1, p. 312
(14) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: It is better for women not to see men and not for men to see them. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 54, h. 48
(15) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said:...If he does not see me, I see him, and he smells the wind. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 91, pm 16
(16) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: I am disgusted by what is done to women. He puts a garment on a woman and lines it up for whoever sees it. So do not carry me on a visible bed. Cover me. God will protect you from the Fire. Tahdheeb Al-Ahkam, vol. 1, p. 429, Kashf Al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 67
(17) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: My God and Master, I ask You, through those whom You have chosen, and through the weeping of my children at my departure, to forgive the disobedient of my Shiites and the Shiites of my descendants. Al-Kawkab Al-Dari, vol. 1, p. 254
(18) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: By God, Ibn Al-Khattab, if I did not hate for calamity to befall those who have committed no sin, I would have known that I would swear to God and then find Him quick to answer. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 67, p. 249, pm 25
(19) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: By God, I will never speak to you. By God, I will pray to God for you in every prayer. Sahih Muslim, vol. 2, p. 72. Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 6, p. 176
(20) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: I bear witness to God and His angels that you have displeased me and have not pleased me, and when I meet the Prophet, I will complain about you to him. Sahih Muslim, vol. 2, p. 72. Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 5, p. 5
(21) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Do not pray for a nation that broke the covenant of God and the covenant of my father, the Messenger of God, regarding the Commander of the Faithful, Ali, and they wronged me and took my inheritance and violated my document that my father wrote for me regarding the kingship of Fadak. House of Sorrows, p. 113, Kashf al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 494
(22) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Here I am, there is no excuse after your Ghadir Khumm, and the matter is after your shortcomings. Did my father leave anyone with an excuse on the day of Ghadir Khumm? Al-Khasal, vol. 1, p. 173, Al-Ihtijaj, vol. 1, p. 146
(23) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: I swear to God! A duty to your world, a duty to your men. Evidence of the Imamate, p. 128, ep. 38, Ma’ani al-Akhbar, p. 355, ep. 2
(24) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: If you do what we have commanded you and refrain from doing what we have discouraged you from, then you are among our Shiites, otherwise you are not. Interpretation of Imam Al-Askari (peace be upon him), p. 320, no. 191
(25) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: If I am gathered on the Day of Resurrection, I will intercede for the disobedient people of the Prophet’s nation (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). Ihqāq al-Haqq, vol. 19, p. 129
(26) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: God forgives all sins and does not care. Tafsir al-Tibyan, vol. 9, p. 37, s. 16
(27) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: O father, I mentioned the gathering place and the people standing naked on the Day of Resurrection, and how bad it was for him on that day before God Almighty. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 8, p. 53, no. 62, Kashf Al-Ghumma, vol. 2, p. 57
(28) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Hold on to her foot, for heaven is under her feet. Hold on to her foot, and then there will be heaven. Kanz Al-Ummal, vol. 16, p. 462, no. 45443
(29) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: What will a fasting person do with his fasting if he does not protect his tongue, hearing, sight and limbs? Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 93, p. 294, pm 25. Mustadrak Al-Wasa’il, vol. 7, p. 336, pm 2
(30) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said:
Good news on the face of a believer entitles his companion to Paradise, and good tidings on the face of a stubborn person protects his companion from the torment of Hell. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 72, p. 401, 43, Mustadrak Al-Wasa’il, vol. 12, p. 262
(31) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: No one blames anyone but himself. He spends the night carrying the smell of deep water in his hand. Kanz Al-Ummal, vol. 15, p. 242, no. 40759
(32) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: Go up to the roof, and if you see that half of the sun has set, let me know so I can pray. Evidence of the Imamate, p. 71, s. 16, Ma’ani al-Akhbar, p. 399, within H. 9
(33) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: The neighbor, then the house. Illal al-Shara’i, vol. 1, p. 183, Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 82, vol. 4
(34) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: A man has more right to the chest of his animal, the chest of his bed, and prayer in his house, except for the imam around whom people gather. Musnad Fatima, pp. 33 and 52, Majma’ al-Zawa’id, vol. 8, p. 108
(35) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: More than reciting the Qur’an and praying, for it is an hour in which the dead person needs to be revived. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 79, p. 27, no. 13
(36) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: A nation that killed the son of its Prophet’s daughter was disappointed. The City of Miracles, Part 3, p. 430
(37) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said:....And forbidding drinking alcohol is to keep oneself away from impurity, avoiding slander to protect oneself from the curse, and refraining from stealing as a sign of chastity. Ihqāq al-Haqq, vol. 19, p. 129
(38) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: By God, if they had left the right to its people and followed the family of his Prophet, there would not have been any disagreement after a successor until our Qaim, the ninth descendant of Al-Hussein (peace be upon him), would arise. Bihar Al-Anwar, vol. 36, p. 352, no. 224
(39) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: There are three things I love from your world: reciting the Book of God, looking at the face of the Messenger of God, and spending for the sake of God. Nahj al-Hayat, vol. 1, p. 271
(40) Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) said: O Allah, bless Muhammad and his. Blessings be upon our father Adam and our mother Eve.
The life of the great friend Fatima Al-Zahra?
It is difficult to talk about distinguished personalities due to the greatness of the human values and lofty goals they hold. In order to discover some of the merits of this or that great man, we need pauses for thought and contemplation before delving into probing that personality. How can we do that? The attributes of sunlight are invalid.
This is if we know that talking about prophets, messengers, and their guardians is of that type, given that these personalities represent the pinnacle of morals and the highest ideals of humanity, and they have the honor that Almighty God bestowed upon them, which makes them distinct from other human beings in morals, behavior, and human values.
For example, the most honorable Prophet Muhammad bin Abdullah, if we go over the chain of prophets and messengers since God Almighty created Adam (peace be upon him) and deposited that light in him, and commanded his angels and the inhabitants of his heavens to prostrate to Adam in honor of that light, so he prostrated. Whoever prostrates and disbelieves, whoever disbelieves.
These lights graduated and moved from a lofty core to a pure womb, step by step, passing through the messengers and prophets, Noah, Abraham, and Ishmael (peace be upon them), and the prophets, the Hanafi, the monotheists, and the righteous among them, until that light settled in the core of the Hanafi monotheist, Abdul Muttalib Ibn Hashim. And every link in the chain of this honorable lineage is monotheist and true to God, and this is confirmed by reason and common sense, and the noble prophetic hadiths that were reported from the conveyor, the trustworthy spirit, the revelation of heaven, as most scholars reported in their chains of transmission and authentic books, and sound history bears witness to that.
This elite is chosen by God Almighty to be a proof of God’s successors on earth, in conveying and achieving the goals of the law of heaven on earth, and they are the ones who carry those bright divine lights that God Almighty deposited in the loins of Adam (peace be upon him). And with the blessing of that light, the fire of Nimrod made coolness and peace upon his friend Abraham, and with that light, God Almighty saved his Messenger Noah and his ship from drowning, and from that light, God Almighty opened the sea for Moses bin Imran, and saved him and his companions from drowning and from the tyranny of Pharaoh and with the nine signs, and because of that light. God Almighty gave miracles and signs to His messengers and prophets, and saved them from the tyrants of their time and their pharaohs. Then that light split into two parts, one of which was deposited in the loins of Abdullah, and the second part was deposited in the loins of Abd Manaf Abu Talib, the two sons of Abd al-Muttalib.
Thus, the wisdom of the Creator, His Majesty’s Power, willed to divide this light and organize this matter, and there is absolutely nothing to do with man or coincidences, nor destiny and destiny. Rather, it is a divine will and the will of the unity of existence that brings together all the attributes of perfection, beauty, and majesty, required that, His Majesty’s Power.
Then the first light emerged in the master of beings and the most noble of creatures, Muhammad bin Abdullah the Chosen One, to move and settle and become that pure breeze, Fatima Al-Zahra. The second part of the light emerged and settled in the master of the monotheists, Ali bin Abi Talib.
The splitting of this light from the loins of Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim into two lights was only for the sake of them meeting again and uniting in Ali and Fatima. And here lies the secret, so that the situation will be cleared. The two meadows of the two seas meet, and between them is an unobstructed isthmus, from which emerge pearls and coral, namely Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein.
Her birth, but what is known among the Imami scholars is that her birth was on a Friday on the twentieth of the month of Jumada II, in the fifth year after the mission. Among them are Ibn Shahr Ashub in Al-Manaqib 3/357, and Al-Kulayni in Usul Al-Kafi 1/458, Al-Majlisi in Bihar Al-Anwar 6/34, Hayat Al-Qulub 2/149, Al-Muhaddith Al-Qummi in Muntaha Al-Amal 1/94, Ali bin Isa Al-Arbali in Kashf Al-Ghumma 2/173, Al-Tabari in Dala’il Al-Imama, p. 10, and Al-Fayd Al-Kashani in Al-Wafi 1/173.
Most common scholars said: She was born before the mission. Abdul Rahman bin Al-Jawzi said in the book Tadhkirat Al-Khawas, p. 306. Biography scholars said, Khadija gave birth to her and the Quraysh built the Sacred House five years before the Prophethood. He said: Muhammad bin Yusuf al-Hanafi in the book Nazm Durar al-Samatain, p. 175, was born while the Quraysh were building the Kaaba.
Al-Tabari narrated in Dhakhair Al-Uqabi, p. 53, on the authority of Ibn Abbas: Fatima was born, and the Quraysh were building the house, and the Messenger of God was thirty-five years old. Abu Al-Faraj said in the book Muqatil Al-Talibeen, p. 30: The birth of Fatima was before the prophethood, and the Quraysh were building the Kaaba at that time.
Names, Titles, and Nicknames
Among her names and her titles and nicknames, we mention some names: Abu Jaafar Al-Qummi enumerated the names of Fatima according to what Ibn Shahr Ashub reported from him in his virtues, and they are as follows: Fatima, the virgin, the horse, the free, the lady, the virgin, Al-Zahra, Al-Hawraa, the blessed, the pure, the pure, the satisfied, the satisfactory, the updated, the greatest Maryam, the greatest friend. In heaven, it is called: Al-Nuriya, the Heavenly, the Kind.
Imam Al-Sadiq said: [My grandmother] Fatima has nine names with God Almighty: Fatima, the truthful, Al-Zahra, the pure, the pure, the contented, the pleasing, the blessed, and the updated. She was called Al-Zahra and Al-Batoul. She was called the mother of Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein, the mother of her father, and the mother of the Imams. The Prophet said: I named my daughter Fatima because God weaned her and her lovers from Hell. She was martyred on (3) Jumada al-Akhirah 11 AH, and according to the narration (13) Jumada al-Awwal, and it was said otherwise.
Burial Place
Her burial place: Medina, and the location of her grave is not yet known, due to what she recommended to the Commander of the Faithful before her death, to bury her at night and hide her grave.
A summary of the noble hadiths about the virtues of Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her)
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Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) was asked about Fatima: Why was she named Zahra? He said: “Because when she stood in her niche, her light would bloom for the people of heaven just as the light of the stars would bloom for the people of the earth.”
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The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: “Fatima is a part of me. Whoever is pleased with her has pleased me, and whoever is pleased with her has insulted me. Fatima is the dearest person to me.”
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Among her titles: her father’s mother. It was said: mother means origin and originality. Al-Zahra with her pure children, the infallible Imams, their stances, their sacrifices, and their sacrifices gave authenticity to her father’s message, so Islam is Muhammadan in origin and Husseini in survival and all of them are one light, so they became the origin in the continuity of the Muhammadan message, as the most honorable Messenger said: “Hussein is from me and I am from Hussein.” And Fatima Al-Zahra, the Lady of Women, was the mother of her father.
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On the authority of Zaid bin Musa, with his chain of transmission, on the authority of Ali (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: “Fatima was created a mermaid in the form of a human, and the daughters of the prophets do not menstruate.”
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On the authority of God, Blessed and Most High: “O Ahmed, if it were not for you, I would not have created the heavens, and if it were not for Ali, I would not have created you, and if it were not for Fatima, I would not have created you.”
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On the authority of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family): “If Al-Hassan were a person, he would be Fatima. Indeed, she is greater. Indeed, Fatima, my daughter, is the best of the people on earth in terms of character, honor, and generosity.”
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On the authority of Al-Hussein, on the authority of the Messenger of God (peace be upon them both), who said: “Fatima is the joy of my heart, her two sons are the fruit of my heart, her husband is the light of my sight, and the imams from her children are trustworthy to my Lord and His rope is stretched between Him and His creation. Whoever adheres to Him will be saved, and whoever neglects Him will fall in love.”
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On the authority of Abu Jaafar, on the authority of his fathers (peace be upon them): “Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad, was named (the pure) because of her purity from all impurity and her purity from all impurity, and she never saw a day of redness or postpartum bleeding.”
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On the authority of Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him): “God forbade women to Ali as long as Fatima lived; Because she is pure and does not menstruate.”
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On the authority of Abu Al-Hasan Musa bin Jaafar (peace be upon them): “Poverty does not enter a house in which the name of Muhammad, Ahmed, Ali, Al-Hassan, Al-Hussein, or Fatima among the women (peace be upon them).”
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On the authority of Al-Rida (peace be upon him), the Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family) said: “When he ascended me to heaven, Gabriel (peace be upon him) took my hand and admitted me to Paradise. He gave me some of its freshness, and I ate it, and that turned into a sperm in my loins, so when I descended to The earth fell in love with Khadija and she became pregnant with Fatima. Fatima is a human houri. Whenever she longs for the scent of Paradise, she smells the scent of my daughter Fatima.”
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On the authority of Abu Al-Hasan III (peace be upon him): The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: “I named my daughter Fatima because God Almighty weaned her and those who loved her from Hell.”
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On the authority of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) in a long hadith: “On the leg of the throne is written: There is no god but God, Muhammad is the Messenger of God, and Ali, Fatima, Al-Hassan, and Al-Hussein are the best of God’s creation.”
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In the interpretation of Noor al-Thaqalayn and al-Burhan and the book Bihar al-Anwar, on the authority of Furat bin Ibrahim al-Kufi, on the authority of Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him) in the interpretation of Surat al-Qadr, he said: “Fatima is the Night of Destiny. Whoever knows Fatima properly has recognized the Night of Destiny.” She was named Fatima because people were weaned from knowing her. The prophethood of a prophet was not complete until he acknowledged her virtue and love, and she is the greatest friend, and the first centuries revolved around her knowledge.
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On the authority of Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) that he said: {Indeed, We sent it down in the Night of Decree} The night is Fatima al-Zahra, and God’s destiny, so whoever truly knows Fatima has recognized the Night of Destiny, and she was named Fatima because the people were weaned from knowing her. And yes, what has been said: The niche of the light of God, glory be to Him, His Majesty, the olive tree of His blessings. It is the pole of the circle of existence, and a point that when it descended, its multiplicity increased. It is the second Ahmed and the Ahmed of its era. It is the element of monotheism in its pillars. Thanks to the one who singled out the emeralds, may God grant you a virtuous young man, I mean Ali, the best of the people in the world. God honored Jumada al-Akhira, so it became a luxurious Jumada, and the months of the year boasted of it as it brought the pure virgins. And look at the twenty of them to see the apparent joy of the guide over him, and make it your Eid, for Islam is a fragrant remembrance of her name on the throne.
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On the authority of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) that he said: “When God Almighty created Adam, the father of mankind, and breathed into him His spirit, Adam turned to the right of the throne, and in the light there were five ghosts prostrating and kneeling.
Adam said: O Lord, have you created anyone from clay before me? He said: No, Adam. He said: Who are these five ghosts that I see in my form and image? He said: These five are your children. If it were not for them, I would not have created you. These are five for whom I created five of My names. If it were not for them, I would not have created Heaven, Hell, the Throne, the Throne, the Heaven, or The earth, nor the angels, nor mankind, nor jinn. I am the Praiseworthy, and this is Muhammad, and I am the Most High, and this is Ali, and I am the Breaker, and this is Fatimah, and I am Ihsan and this is Good, and I am the Benefactor and this is Al-Hussein. I wish by My glory that no one comes to Me with the weight of a mustard atom out of hatred for one of them except that I will bring him into My Fire. I don't care. O Adam, these are my elite among My creation. By them I save them and by them I destroy them. If you have a need of Me, then entreat with these. Then the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: We are the ship of salvation. Whoever clings to it will be saved, and whoever deviates from it will perish. So whoever has a need for God, let him ask people of us.
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On the authority of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) he said: “God created me and created Ali, Fatima, Al-Hassan, and Al-Hussein before He created Adam (peace be upon him) when there was no built sky, no praised earth, no darkness, no light, no sun, no moon, no paradise, no Fire, then Al-Abbas said: How was the beginning of your creation, O Messenger of God? He said: O uncle, when God wanted to create us, He spoke a word from which He created light. Then He spoke another word and created a spirit from it. Then He mixed light with the spirit and created me. He created Ali, Fatima, Al-Hassan, and Al-Hussein. We used to glorify Him when there was no praise and sanctify Him when there was no sanctification. When God Almighty wanted to create He created him and separated My Light and created from it the Throne. The Throne is from My Light and My Light is from the Light of God, and My Light is better than the Throne. Then He separated the Light of my brother Ali and created from it the angels.
The angels are from Ali’s Light and Ali’s Light is from the Light of God and Ali is better than the angels. Then He separated my daughter’s Light and created the heavens from it. And the earth, so the heavens and the earth are from the light of my daughter Fatima, and the light of my daughter Fatima is from the light of God, and my daughter Fatima is better than the heavens and the earth, then he split the light of my son Al-Hassan and created from it the sun and the moon, so the sun and the moon are from the light of my son Al-Hasan and the light of Al-Hasan is from the light of God and Al-Hasan is better than the sun and the moon, then He separated the light of my son Al-Hussein and created from it Paradise and the beautiful maidens. So Paradise and the maidens are from the light of my son Al-Hussein, and the light of my son Al-Hussein is from the light of God, and my son Al-Hussein is better than Paradise and the beautiful maidens.
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The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: “I, Ali, and Fatima, and Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein on the Day of Resurrection will be in a dome under the Throne.”
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On the authority of Abu Jaafar (peace be upon him) in a long hadith: “Obedience (peace be upon her) was required of all of God’s creation, from the jinn, mankind, birds, beasts, prophets, and angels.”
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On the authority of Mujahid: The Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) came out, holding Fatima’s hand, and said: “Whoever knows this has known her, and whoever does not know her, she is Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad, and she is a part of me, and she is my heart, and she is my soul that is between my two sides. Whoever hurts her has hurt me. And whoever harms me has harmed God.”
Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) in Surat Al-Kawthar.
Surat Al-Kawthar in Islamic Literature
Surat Al-Kawthar occupies a significant place in Islamic literature, confirming that Al-Kawthar refers to Fatima (peace be upon her). The context of the verse contrasts with Al-Sha’in, who is described as an amputee with no offspring. In contrast, the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) is blessed with Al-Kawthar, signifying many offspring through Fatima (peace be upon her) and her descendants. The comparison is based on the large number of offspring, ensuring that affirmation and denial correspond appropriately. This interpretation does not contradict the understanding of Al-Kawthar as a river in the Hereafter from which the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) will water his nation. The discussion centers on the source of the verse's revelation, with agreement from both groups.
Al-Tabarsi’s Interpretation
Al-Allamah Al-Tabarsi, in his commentary Jami’ Al-Jami’, explains the verse "Indeed, We have given you Al-Kawthar" as referring to the abundance of offspring. This interpretation is evident in the numerous descendants from the children of Fatima (peace be upon her), whose numbers continue to praise God until the end of time. This interpretation aligns with the reason for the revelation of the surah, where Al-Aas bin Wael Al-Sahmi called the Prophet an amputee after the death of his son Abdullah. The Quraysh mocked the Prophet, prompting the verse as a solace to the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) for their actions and destruction.
Al-Fakhr Al-Razi’s Perspective
Al-Fakhr Al-Razi supports this interpretation, stating that Al-Kawthar refers to the Prophet's children (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). The surah was revealed in response to criticisms about the Prophet not having children. The meaning is that God will give him offspring who will endure over time. Despite the killing of many members of the Prophet's household, their descendants are numerous, while no significant descendants of the Umayyads remain. Statistics indicate that a significant portion of the Arab Maghreb's population, for example, consists of the children of Fatima (peace be upon her), with Hasani masters making up one-sixth of the population, equating to five million out of thirty million.
Characteristics of Al-Kawthar
The most evident characteristic of Al-Kawthar mentioned in the noble verse is the Prophet's (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) thankfulness to his Lord through prayer, supplication, and praise. The reality of the river called Al-Kawthar is connected to Fatima (peace be upon her) because the interpretation and the apparent connection are intertwined. The boasting of Fatima (peace be upon her) by God Almighty to His Prophet over his enemies indicates its validity. The verse explains the Prophet's (may God bless him and his family) dignity in the eyes of God Almighty, linked to his possession of the best creation described by God as Al-Kawthar, meaning abundant goodness. This dignity is achieved only if the source of boasting is of absolute, complete, and perfect goodness.
In memory of the martyrdom of the pure friend Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) 13/Jumada Al-Awwal.
Her Honorable Lineage
Al-Zahra Fatima is the daughter of Muhammad bin Abdullah (may God bless him and his family) and Khadija bint Khuwaylid, may God be pleased with her.
Her Pure Birth
She was born to the most honorable parents known to human history, and no one in the history of humanity had the effects that her father had, which changed the face of history and pushed humanity far forward in just a few years. History has not spoken of a mother like her mother, who gave everything she had to her great husband and his wise principle, in exchange for the guidance and light he gave her.
Early Life and Struggles
Lady Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) experienced the ordeals of conveying the divine message from her early childhood. She was besieged with her father and mother and the rest of Bani Hashem in the people, and she was only two years old at the beginning of the siege. As soon as the siege was lifted after three lean years, she faced the ordeal of the death of her caring mother and her father’s uncle when she was at the beginning of her sixth year. She was her father’s comfort in bearing burdens and facing difficulties and adversities, comforting him in his loneliness and supporting him in what he experienced from the tyrants of Quraysh and their cruelty. She migrated with her cousin and Al-Fawatim to Medina at the honorable age of eight. She remained at the side of her father, the Great Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), until she married Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and formed the most honorable house in Islam after the house of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). She became the pure vessel of the pure prophetic lineage and the generous donor to the family of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family).
Role as a Wife and Mother
Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) presented the most wonderful example of a model wife and high motherhood in the most critical moments of Islamic history, which wanted to chart the path of immortality and supremacy in a pre-Islamic environment and tribal customs that rejected the humanity of women and considered the girl a disgrace and a disgrace. She followed the example of Al-Zahra, the daughter of the glorious Muhammadiyah message and the birth of the unique divine renaissance, to set, with her individual, marital, and social behavior, a real and practical example that embodies the concepts and values of the message in a realistic way. Al-Zahra proved to the entire human world that she is the perfect human being who was able to bear the stamp of femininity, thus being a major divine sign of God’s great power and wondrous creativity. He gave Al-Zahra Fatima the greatest share of greatness and the fullest share of majesty and splendor.
Her Children
Al-Zahra gave birth to the Ali Al-Murtada: the lords of the youth of the people of Paradise and the two sons of the Messenger of God (Al-Hassan and Al-Hussein), the two great imams, and the two honorable ladies (Zainab the Great and Umm Kulthum), the two patient warriors. She miscarried her fifth son (Al-Muhsin) after the death of her father in the events of the attack on her house (Beit Al-Resala). It was the first sacrifice that this struggling, martyr mother gave after her father in order to protect her father’s message from deterioration and deviation.
Participation in Islamic Struggles
Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) participated with her father and her husband, may God’s prayers be upon them both, in the most critical moments and in all kinds of crises. She supported Islam through her efforts, struggle, clarification, and upbringing for the people of the House of the Message whom the Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) entrusted with the mission of supporting Islam after his death. She was the first of his family to follow him after a bitter jihad, spreading out in the fields of jihad with the polytheists and eliminating the plans and conspiracies of the hypocrites, and manifested herself in educating Muslim women as well as in standing up to the deviants. She was truly a symbol of heroism, jihad, patience, martyrdom, sacrifice, and altruism, surpassing in all these meanings the masters of the ancients and the latter in the shortest period of time that a person can travel towards the highest peaks of perfection.
Sayings of the Prophet about Fatima
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"God is angry with Fatima’s anger and satisfied with her satisfaction."
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"Fatima is a part of me. Whoever hurts her has hurt me, and whoever loves her has loved me."
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"Fatima is my heart and my soul, which is between my sides."
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"Fatima, Lady of the Women of the Worlds."
Her Oppression
Attack on the House of Al-Zahra
Imam Ali (peace be upon him) refused to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr and declared his discontent with the ruling regime so that it would become clear to the world that this government, which the first man in Islam after the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) turned away from, does not represent the caliphate. Al-Zahra Fatima (peace be upon her) did the same, so people would know that the daughter of their Prophet is angry with them and condemns them, indicating there is no legitimacy for this ruling.
On the other hand, Imam Ali (peace be upon him) began a negative jihad against the usurpers of the legal right, and a number of the evacuated companions of the Muhajireen and Ansar and their chosen ones stood with Imam Ali (peace be upon him). Among those who stood with him were: Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, Ammar bin Yasser, Abu Dharr al-Ghafari, Salman al-Farisi, al-Miqdad bin al-Aswad, Khuzaymah of the Two Shahadas, Ubadah bin al-Samit, Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman, Sahl bin Hanif, Uthman bin Hanif, Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, and others, who were not intimidated by the threats of the group that held the reins of the caliphate, led by Omar Ibn al-Khattab.
There were some believing tribes surrounding Medina, such as Asad, Fazara, Banu Hanifa, and others, who witnessed the pledge of allegiance on the Day of Ghadir (Ghadir Khumm) that the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) made for Ali (peace be upon him) under the command of the believers after him. They refused to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr completely and in detail and abstained from paying zakat to the new government, considering it illegitimate.
The ruling authority saw it in its interest to put an end to such people who posed a threat to the existing rule. Abu Bakr and his supporters felt the danger surrounding them and their rule through the escalation of opposition if they did not stop this opposition movement by forcing the head of the opposition (Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him)) to pledge allegiance to Abu Bakr.
Fatima (peace be upon her) thought that no one would enter her house without her permission, but when they came to Fatima’s door (peace be upon her) and knocked on the door, she called out at the top of her voice: “O father, O Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family), what did we find after you from Ibn Al-Khattab and Ibn Abi Qahafa? I have no acquaintance with people who attended a worse presence than you. You left the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) funeral in our hands, and you broke off your affairs among yourselves. You did not consult us, and you did not return to us a right.”
When the people heard her voice and crying, they left crying, and their hearts were about to crack and their livers would burst. Omar remained with a group of people and called for firewood, saying: “By the One in whose hand is Omar’s soul, it will come out or I will burn it for whoever is in it.” Then it was said to him: “O Abu Hafs, there is Fatima in it.” He said: “Even if.” So they brought out the Imam (peace be upon him), dragging him to the shed where Abu Bakr was sitting. He called out: “By Hamzatah, and there is no Hamza for me today, and Ja’farah, and there is no Ja’far for me today!!” They passed by the grave of his brother and cousin, the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), and he called out: “Son of a mother. Indeed, the people have oppressed me and were about to kill me.” It was narrated on the authority of Adi bin Hatem that he said: “By God, I have never had mercy on anyone as I had mercy on Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him). When he was brought, dressed in his robe, they led him to Abu Bakr and said to him: ‘Pledge of allegiance!’ He said: ‘Then if I do not do so, then his mouth?’ Omar said to him: ‘Then, by God, I will behead you.’ Ali said: ‘Then, by God, you are killing the servant of God and the brother of His Messenger.’ So Omar said: ‘As for Abdullah, yes, and as for the brother of the Messenger of God, no.’ So he said: ‘Do you deny that the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) made me a brother with him?!’ An intense dialogue took place between the Imam (peace be upon him) and the ruling party.”
At that time, Lady Fatima (peace be upon her) arrived and took the hand of her two sons, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussein (peace be upon them). The only Hashemite woman left and went out with her, wailing and wailing. Fatima (peace be upon her) said: “Leave my cousin!! Leave my husband alone!! By God, I will uncover my head. I will put my father’s shirt on my head and pray for you, for Salih’s camel is not more honorable to God than me, nor is her camel more honorable to God than my son.”
While she was receiving the pure resting place of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), Al-Zahra began seeking help from this present absent person: “O my father, O Messenger of God! (May God’s prayers be upon him and his family) what did we find after you from Ibn Al-Khattab and Ibn Abi Quhafa? Her words left only hearts cracked with grief and eyes cracked. Tears flowed.”
Fadak
When the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) died and Abu Bakr seized power, ten days had passed and the matter was settled for him. He sent to Fadak someone to bring out the representative of Fatima, daughter of the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family).
It was reported that Al-Zahra sent to Abu Bakr: “Do you inherit the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) or his family?” He said: “Rather, his family.” She said: “What about the share of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family)?” He said: “I heard the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) say: ‘Indeed, God gave His Prophet a meal.’ Then he took it and gave it to the one who would rise after him, so after him I was appointed to return it to the Muslims.”
It was narrated on the authority of Aisha that Fatima (peace be upon her) sent to Abu Bakr asking him about her inheritance from the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and at that time she was asking for what the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) had in Medina and Fadak and what remained of the fifth of Khaybar. Abu Bakr said: “Indeed, the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: We do not inherit anything. What we leave behind is charity. The family of Muhammad only eats from this money. By God, I will not change any of the alms of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) from the state they were in during the era of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and I will do to them what the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) did.” Abu Bakr refused to pay anything to her.
On the authority of Abu Jaafar (peace be upon him), he said: Ali said to Fatima (peace be upon them): “Go and ask for your inheritance from your father, the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family).” She came to Abu Bakr and said: “Why are you withholding my inheritance from my father, the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family)? Did you remove my representative from Fadak, and the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) assigned it to me by the command of God Almighty?” He said: “God willing, you are only saying the truth, but bring witnesses to that.” Then Umm Ayman came and said to him: “I will not bear witness - O Abu Bakr - so that I can use as evidence against you what the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said. I ask you by God, do you not know that the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: ‘Umm Ayman is a woman from the people of Paradise?’” He said: “Yes.” She said: “I bear witness that God Almighty commanded the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) to give the relative his due, so he made a ransom for her as a reward by God’s command.” Ali (peace be upon him) also testified to the same, so Abu Bakr wrote to her. A book and he handed it to her. Then Omar entered and said: “What is this book?” Abu Bakr said: “Fatima claimed Fadak, and Umm Ayman and Ali testified for her, so I wrote it for her.” So Omar took the letter from Fatima, spit in it, and tore it. Fatima came out crying.
It was narrated that Imam Ali (peace be upon him) came to Abu Bakr while he was in the mosque and said: “O Abu Bakr, why did Fatima withhold her inheritance from the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) when she owned it during the life of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family)?” Abu Bakr said: “This is the spoils of the Muslims. If she provides witnesses that the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) made it hers, otherwise she has no right to it.” Then the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: “O Abu Bakr, do you rule over us contrary to God’s rule over the Muslims?” He said: “No.” He (peace be upon him) said: “If there is something in the hands of the Muslims that they own, and then I claim it, who do you ask for proof?” He said: “Beware of asking for proof.” He (peace be upon him) said: “So what about Fatima? I asked her for proof for what was in her hand, which she possessed during the lifetime of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and after him, and you did not ask the Muslims for proof of what they claimed as witnesses, as you asked me about what you claimed against them?” Abu Bakr remained silent.
Omar said: “O Ali, leave your words, for we cannot stand your argument. If you bring just witnesses, otherwise it is spoils for the Muslims and neither you nor Fatima have any right to it.” Imam Ali (peace be upon him) said: “O Abu Bakr, do you read the Book of God?” He said: “Yes.” He (peace be upon him) said: “Tell me about the Almighty’s saying: ‘God only desires to remove uncleanness from you, O People of the House, and to purify you with a thorough purification.’ About whom was it revealed? About us or others?” He said: “Rather, about you.” He (peace be upon him) said: “So if that witnesses testified against Fatima, the daughter of the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family), for an indecent act, what were you doing to her?” He said: “I used to impose punishment on her just as I impose on the women of the worlds!” Ali (peace be upon him) said: “You were then, in the eyes of God, one of the unbelievers.” He said: “Why?” He (peace be upon him) said: “Because you rejected God’s testimony of purity and accepted people’s testimony about it, just as you rejected God’s ruling and the ruling of His Messenger that he made a ransom for her and claimed that it was spoils for the Muslims. The Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said: The proof is upon the one who claims, and the oath is upon the one who denies.” So the people murmured, and they denied each other, and said: “He spoke the truth, and God is against me.”
History of Her Martyrdom
There is no doubt that the death of Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) was in the eleventh year of the Hijra, because the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) performed the Farewell Hajj in the tenth year, and he died at the beginning of the eleventh year. Historians have agreed that Lady Fatima (peace be upon her) outlived her father for less than a year, although she was in the prime of her youth and in perfect health during her father’s lifetime. They differ greatly on the day and month of her death.
It was narrated that she lived after the Prophet (may God bless him and his family) for six months. It was said: ninety-five days. It was said: seventy-five days or less.
On the authority of Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him): “She was arrested on Jumada al-Akhirah on Tuesday, the third day of the month, in the eleventh year of the Hijra.”
On the authority of Imam Al-Baqir (peace be upon him): “She died when she was eighteen years and seventy-five days old.”
On the authority of Jaber bin Abdullah Al-Ansari: “The Prophet died when she was eighteen years and seven months old at that time.”
Abu Al-Faraj Al-Isfahani said: “The death of Fatima Al-Zahra (peace be upon her) occurred after the death of the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) for a period that varies in amount. Many say six months, and few say forty days, but what is confirmed in that is what was narrated on the authority of Imam Al-Baqir (peace be upon him): She died three months after the Prophet.”
Conclusion
The discussion on this great personality is long and cannot be summed up in brief. May peace be upon her on the day she was born, on the day she was martyred, and on the day she is resurrected alive, bearing all the badges of honor and eminence, and upon her are garments of dignity.
References
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Al-Majlisi, B. (2008). Bihar Al-Anwar.
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Ibn Qutaybah, A. (1985). Al-Imamah wal-Siyasah.
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Al-Hakim, M. (1999). Al-Mustadrak on the Two Sahihs.
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Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, S. (2001). Sharh Nahj al-Balagha.
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Al-Tabarsi, A. (1961). Al-Ihtijaj.
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Al-Qummi, J. (1983). Muntaha Al-Amal.
The love of the Noble Prophet (PBUH) for Fatima Al-Zahra (PBUH)
Love is the attraction of the lover’s heart to the beloved, and it is a feeling that stems from the nature that God has placed in man because of the perfections possessed by the beloved.
The higher these perfections are, the greater and greater the love the lover has for his beloved.
But when we reach the love that the most honorable Prophet had for Fatima al-Zahra, we become unable to reach its full truth and essence, and we are not exaggerating if we say that it is beyond the power of the pen, the tongue, analysis, and clarification.
Because the perfections and virtues of the Beloved - which is Lady Zahra - cannot be limited or even reach the ultimate goal of reality. The love of the Most Noble Prophet for Zahra was not only a father’s love for his daughter, but rather it was a love mixed with glorification, sanctification, and annihilation in her.
Al-Zahra reached such a level in the heart of the most honorable Prophet that he declared over and over again, “May her father be sacrificed for her” .
What greatness and sublime status did she reach in order to redeem the best of God’s creation himself? He declared this on more than one occasion.
Here we can publicly review a few of the perfections of the great Lady Fatima Al-Zahra, thereby reaching a degree of understanding and knowledge of this great love.
Fatima’s Satisfaction, God’s Satisfaction, and Her Anger is His Anger
The Noble Prophet said: “Fatima is a part of me. Whoever makes her angry has made me angry.”
He said: “God is satisfied when Fatima is pleased and angry when she is angry”.
If we contemplate the two noble hadiths, we will find that the most honorable Prophet linked Al-Zahra’s satisfaction with God’s satisfaction. One of them is dependent on the other. Perhaps God’s blessings upon her are the only creatures known for this specificity. If we take this hadith alone, it will become clear to us that Al-Zahra is an existence that cannot be reached by a human being to its ultimate meaning.
In a second reference, it is that the most honorable Prophet links Al-Zahra’s anger to the anger of God Almighty, and from this standpoint, the Most Honorable Prophet made her a measure of God Almighty’s anger and indicated that no one would reach her status except her.
Perhaps his great emphasis on this matter was due to his knowledge of what would happen to her after him, so he wanted to complete the argument for the people and show them that Al-Zahra was an existence above all other existences, or as Imam Hassan Al-Askari put it: “We are God’s proofs over His creation, and our grandmother Fatima is God’s proof over us”.
Al-Zahra is the Best of Creation After the Noble Prophet
The Noble Prophet and the imams of the Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them, declared the superiority of Al-Zahra over all the prophets and imams - except for Imam Ali, who was equal to her in virtue, status, and stature.
We mention some narratives that indicate this matter.
On the authority of Salman that he asked the Prophet: “Who is the best of God’s creation?” So the Prophet pointed to the two good men and said: “The grandfather of these two.” Salman said: “Who is after their grandfather?” He said: “The father of these two and the mother of these two.” Salman said: “Then who is after them? Their mother?” He said: “These two” .
And on the authority of the Commander of the Faithful, in a long hadith, he said: The Messenger of God said: “O Ali, God looked to this world and chose me over the men of the worlds, then He looked the second time and chose you over the men of the worlds, then He looked the third time and chose Fatima over the women of the worlds. Then the fourth came and chose Al-Hasan, Al-Hussein, and the Imams from her descendants” .
Likewise, it was reported on the authority of Salman in a long hadith that he quotes from Lady Al-Zahra, in which he said.... Fatima said: “O Messenger of God, which of these whom you have named is better?”
Then the Messenger of God said: “My brother Ali: the best of my nation, and Hamza and Jafar. These are the best of my nation after Ali and after you, and after my son: and my grandsons, Al-Hasan and Al-Hussein” .
Al-Zahraa Hawraa Ansia
Imam Al-Askari narrated on the authority of his fathers, on the authority of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, who said:
The Messenger of God said: “When God created Adam and Eve, they strutted in Paradise, and Adam said to Eve: God has not created a creation that is better than us. They thought that they were the best of what God created. So God inspired Gabriel, ‘Bring my servant the highest paradise,’ meaning Adam and Eve were in Paradise and did not see the highest paradise.”
When they entered Paradise, they saw a maid on one of Paradise’s carpets, and on her head was a crown of light, and in her ears were earrings of light. The heavens shone from the light of her face.
Adam said: “My beloved Gabriel, who is this maid who made heaven shine with her beautiful face?”
Gabriel said: “This is Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, and she will be one of your progeny’s prophets who will be at the end of time.”
Adam said: “What is this crown on her head?”
Gabriel said: “Her husband is Ali bin Abi Talib.”
Adam said: “What are the earrings in her ears?”
He said: “Her two sons, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussein.”
Adam said: “My beloved Gabriel, were they created before me?”
He said: “They existed in the mysterious knowledge of God before you were created - meaning before you were created, O Adam - four thousand years”.
Conclusion
After we have shown some of the perfections of Al-Zahra, we can know a small part of the extent of the love that the Most Noble Prophet had for her and how much he revered and venerated her and demonstrated the high status of her and the majesty of her value before God Almighty.
We can know the extent of the misguidance that took hold of the nation in the era that followed the death of the Messenger of God. It was truly the worst and most heinous in the entire history of humanity. The apostasy that occurred after the death of the most honorable Prophet was sufficient to uproot everything that the Prophet spent his life planting in it. People have values, principles, and morals. This apostasy was the main reason that made the nation in whose midst Fatima, attack her home while they looked on, and her rights were taken away from her while they remained silent.
Peace be upon her the day she was born, the day she was martyred, and the day she is resurrected alive.
References
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A reference to the hadith of the silver bracelet, which was mentioned in the killing of Hussein by Al-Khwarizmi and other books.
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The hadith with these words was reported by more than fifty scholars of hadith and Sunan from both groups, such as Al-Bukhari, Sunan Ahmad, Al-Kafi, and Al-Bihar.
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Atyab Al-Bayan fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an / Volume 13 / Page 225.
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Fatimiyah Characteristics, vol. 1, p. 562.
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Amali al-Tusi, p. 50 / - Al-Khasal - Sheikh Al-Saduq, p. 207.
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The book of Sulaym bin Qais, p. 565, 1st edition. Kamal Al-Din, vol. 1, p. 263, 24, 10.
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Narrated by Sheikh Al-Tusi in Misbah Al-Anwar.
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The chain of transmission is from the Golden Chain, which is the best and strongest chain of transmission, narrated by the scholar Al-Majlisi in Al-Bahar. And Al-Arbali in Kashf Al-Ghumma.
Lady Khadija, mother of Fatima Al-Zahra, peace be upon them, and the best of the Messenger of God’s women
Indications of Lady Khadija’s High Status
In addition to all of that, there are many things that indicate the high status of Lady Khadija. We point to some of them:
1. God Almighty’s Selection
On the authority of Abu Al-Hasan I who said: The Messenger of God said: “God chose four women: Mary, Asiya, Khadija, and Fatima.”
2. First Woman to Convert to Islam
She was the first of the women to convert to Islam and believe in the Messenger of God, and the first to pray behind him.
On the authority of Afif, who said: I was a merchant, and I came to Mina during the Hajj. Al-Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib was a merchant, so I went to him to buy some of it and sell it. He said: While we were there, a man came out of a hiding place to pray, and he stood facing the Kaaba. Then a woman came out and stood up to pray, and a boy came out to pray with him, so I said: "Oh. Abbas, what is this religion? We do not know what this religion is?"
He said: "This is Muhammad bin Abdullah, who claims that God sent him and that the treasures of Chosroes and Caesar were being claimed for him, and this is his wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, who believed in him, and this boy, his cousin Ali bin Abi Talib, believed in him."
Al-Sayyid bin Tawus narrated on the authority of the book The Will by Issa bin Al-Mustafad, on the authority of Imam Musa bin Jaafar, who said: I asked about the beginning of Islam: How did Ali convert to Islam and how did Khadija convert to Islam?
He said: “You refuse except to seek the foundations of knowledge and its beginnings, but by God, you will ask to understand them.”
Then he said: “I asked my father about that, and he told me: When the Messenger of God called them, he said: O Ali and O Khadija, you have submitted to God and submitted to Him, and he said: Gabriel is with me calling you to the pledge of allegiance to Islam, so submit to Islam in complete submission and obey as a guide.”
They said: “We did and we obeyed, O Messenger of God.”
He said: “Gabriel is with me saying to you: Islam has conditions, covenants, and covenants, so begin it with what God has stipulated upon you for Himself and for His Messenger, that you should say: We bear witness that there is no god but God alone, who has no partner in His kingdom, that He has not taken a son, nor has He taken a consort, one sincere God, and that Muhammad His servant and Messenger, He sent him to all people before the Hour, and we bear witness that God gives life, causes death, raises, humbles, enriches, impoverishes, does whatever He wills, and resurrects those in the graves.”
They said: “We witnessed” the hadith.
3. God’s Greeting to Her
The holiness of Lady Khadija in the eyes of God Almighty was such that He, the Almighty, singled out His greetings for her.
In the hadith, Gabriel came to the Prophet and asked about Khadija, but he did not find her. So he said: "If she comes, tell her that her Lord will bestow upon her peace."
It was narrated that he came to the Prophet Gabriel and said: "This is Khadija. She has brought to you a vessel covered with human beings, food or drink, so if she comes to you, read peace upon her from her Lord and from me, and give her good tidings of a house in Paradise made of reeds without noise or fatigue."
4. Good News of a House in Paradise
God and Gabriel gave her the good news of a great house in Paradise, as mentioned in the previous noble hadith.
5. Praise by the Prophet
The Prophet often praised Lady Khadija, as mentioned in the hadith about Aisha.
In addition to that, Lady Khadija was dear to the Prophet and enjoyed a special place in his heart, as he loved her very much, cherished her, and appreciated her honorable positions, and there is much evidence of that.
An old woman entered the Messenger of God and he treated her kindly. When she came out, Aisha asked him, and he said: “She used to come to us during the time of Khadija, and a good covenant is part of faith.”
On the authority of the Commander of the Faithful, Ali, he said: “The Prophet mentioned Khadija one day while he was with his wives, and he cried, and Aisha said: What makes you cry over one of the red old women of the Banu Asad family?”
He said: “She believed me when you lied, and she believed in me when you disbelieved, and she gave birth to me when you were sterile.”
Aisha said: “I still draw closer to the Messenger of God by mentioning her.”
On the authority of Imam Al-Sadiq, he said: “When Khadija died, she made Fatima seek refuge with the Messenger of God and go around him and say: ‘O father, where is my mother?’
He said: “So Gabriel came down and said to him: ‘Your Lord commands you to recite Fatima’s greetings and say to her: Your mother is in a house made of reeds, with gold heels and red rubies on the pillars, between Asiya and Maryam bint Imran.’”
Fatima said: “Indeed, God is peace, and from Him is peace, and to Him is peace.”
On the authority of Abd al-Rahman ibn Maimun, on the authority of his father, he said: I heard Ibn Abbas say: “The first to believe in the Messenger of God among men was Ali and among women was Khadija.”
Indeed, the Messenger - as in history - called the year in which Lady Khadija and Abu Talib died “the year of sadness,” and this is the best evidence of his respect for them.
References
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Kashf Al-Ghumma: Part 1, p. 512.
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Al-Khisal: Part 1, p. 225, Chapter Four, H. 58.
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See Mustadrak al-Wasa’il: vol. 6, p. 455, chapter 4, h. 7221
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Bihar Al-Anwar: vol. 18, p. 208, b. 1.
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Bihar Al-Anwar: Part 18, pp. 232-233, B1.
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Rawdat al-Wa’izin: Part 2, p. 269, Council on the Virtues of the Family of Muhammad, peace be upon them.
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Kashf Al-Ghumma: Part 1, p. 508.
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Bihar Al-Anwar: Part 16, p. 8.
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Bihar Al-Anwar: Part 16, p. 8.
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Al-Amali by Al-Tusi: p. 175, Al-Majlis Al-Sad, vol. 46.
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Al-Amali by Al-Tusi: p. 259, Tenth Council, no. 467.
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Kashf Al-Ghumma: Part 1, p. 16.
The Marriage of Lady Fatima Al-Zahra to Imam Ali
On the first of Dhu al-Hijjah in the second year of the Hijra, Lady Fatima Al-Zahra had completed nine years of age. Many companions approached the Messenger of God (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) asking for her hand in marriage, but the Messenger refrained from accepting any proposals, stating that he was waiting for God’s judgment in her matter. This continued until Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) proposed to her. The Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) said to him: “O Ali, men have mentioned her before you, and I mentioned that to her, and I saw the hatred in her face. But wait here until I tell her.”
When the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) entered upon Fatima and told her about Ali’s proposal, she remained silent and did not turn away. The Prophet saw no sign of dislike on her face, so he said, “God is Great, her silence is her approval.” He went out to Ali with a blessed smile, indicating her consent. He said, “O Ali, do you have something with which to marry her?” Ali replied, “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you. By God, nothing about me is hidden from you. I own my sword, my shield, and my water basin.” The Prophet said, “O Ali, as for your sword, you need it to strive in the path of God and fight the enemies of God. And your water basin is necessary for your palm trees and family. However, I have married you to her for the price of the shield, and I am satisfied with it for you.” Ali sold the shield for four hundred and eighty dirhams, or five hundred, and brought the dirhams to the Prophet. This was the dowry for the greatest girl the world has ever known.
The Preparations for the Marriage
The Prophet divided the amount into thirds: one third to buy household items, one third to buy perfume, and one third he left with Umm Salamah as a trust to be returned to Ali before the wedding to support the wedding feast. The Prophet sent Abu Bakr, Salman, and Bilal to buy household items for Fatima. The items they bought were modest, and when they placed them before the Prophet, he began turning them over with his hand, then raised his head to heaven and said, “O God, bless a people whose utensils are mostly ceramic.”
The Wedding Feast
Among the Sunnahs of the Prophet is the feast at marriage. Ibn Abbas narrated that the Prophet (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) called Bilal and said: “O Bilal, I have married my daughter to my cousin, and I would like it to be part of the Sunnah of my nation to feed at weddings. Go to the sheep and take a sheep and four or five supplies, so make me a bowl so that I may gather the Muhajireen and Ansar over it. When you have finished with it, bring it to me.” Bilal did as he was instructed, and the Prophet began the feast by serving the food, ensuring that everyone had a share until all were fed.
Educational Lessons from the Marriage
Through this significant event in the history of Islam, several great educational lessons can be extrapolated:
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Choice Based on Faith and Compatibility: Ali’s (peace be upon him) choice of Fatima (peace be upon her), even though it was decreed by heaven, was based on faith and mutual suitability. This highlights the importance of these factors in forming a strong Muslim family.
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Prophetic Traditions in Marriage: The marriage was marked by simplicity, modest dowry, provision of food, joy, and mutual respect between the couple. Ali and Fatima (peace be upon them) lived harmoniously, supporting each other in obedience to God.
The Harmony Between Ali and Fatima
The harmony and compatibility between Imam Ali and Lady Fatima (peace be upon them) were exemplary. Ali said: “By God, I never made her angry or forced her to do something until God took her, nor did she make me angry or disobey me in a matter. I looked at her and my worries and sorrows were removed.” Fatima’s last words to Ali were: “O cousin, you have never known me to be a liar or a traitor, and I have never disagreed with you since you have been with me.” Ali responded: “God forbid, you are more knowledgeable, righteous, pious, generous, and God-fearing than to be rebuked for disobeying me.”
The Purity of the Ahlul Bayt
The harmony between Ali and Fatima is a reflection of their pure lineage, as stated in the Qur’an: “God only desires to remove impurity from you, O People of the House, and to purify you with a thorough purification” (Al-Ahzab: 33).
This blessed marriage serves as a model for all generations, emphasizing faith, simplicity, mutual respect, and the importance of maintaining a God-centered family life.
References:
(1) Genealogy of supervision.
(2) The injury to Al-Asqalani.
(3) Bihar Al-Anwar 365:43.
(4) Bihar Al-Anwar 130:43 Hadith 32.
(5) If a zaffah is over, it will not come back again.
(6) Al-Uqabi Relics: 70.
(7) Al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra 24:8.
(8) Manaqib Al-Khwarizmi 256, Kashf Al-Ghumma 363:1, and Bihar Al-Anwar 134:43.
(9) Amali al-Sheikh al-Tusi 384:1, and Balaghat al-Nisa’ by Ibn Tayfour 20, and Rawdat al-Wa’idin 151.
(10) Al-Ahzab: Verse 33.